1. increases
2. physical
2.1. temperature
2.1.1. extremes
2.2. radiation
2.3. trauma
2.3.1. tears
2.3.2. pressure
2.4. surgery
3. infectious agents
3.1. bacteria
3.2. viruses
3.3. parasites
4. nutritional deficits
4.1. protein
4.2. vitamins
4.3. minerals
5. fluid & electrolyte imbalances
5.1. decreases
5.2. cation (+) imbalances
5.3. anion (-) imbalances
6. oxygen related
6.1. see linked map
7. chemical
7.1. toxins
7.2. examples
7.2.1. chlorine gas
7.2.2. mercury
7.2.3. venom
8. cell level injury
8.1. injury occurs
8.1.1. stress
8.1.1.1. adaptation?
8.1.1.1.1. no
8.1.1.1.2. yes
8.2. mitochondrial injury
8.2.1. decreased ATP
8.2.2. increased ROS
8.3. increased Ca++
8.4. membrane damage
8.4.1. plasma membrane
8.4.2. lysosomal membrane
8.4.3. loss
8.4.3.1. selective permeability
8.5. protein misfolding
8.5.1. DNA damage
8.5.2. activate
8.5.2.1. proapoptic enzymes
8.6. sequence cell death
8.6.1. decreased ATP
8.6.1.1. anaerobic glycolysis
8.6.1.1.1. decr clycogen
8.6.2. failure active transport
8.6.2.1. Na+/K+ pump
8.6.3. cell swelling
8.6.4. ribosomes
8.6.4.1. detach ER
8.6.5. protein synthesis
8.6.5.1. stops
8.6.6. mitochondria
8.6.6.1. swells
8.6.6.1.1. r/t Ca++ incr
8.6.7. vacuolation
8.6.8. lysosome
8.6.8.1. release
8.6.8.1.1. digestive enzyemes
8.6.9. autodigestion
8.6.9.1. intracelluar structures
8.6.10. lysis
8.6.10.1. plasma membrane