1. DNA often concentrated in a part of the cell called NUCLEOID
2. Basic types of cells
2.1. Prokaryotes
2.1.1. lack a membrane bound nucleus and membrane bound organelles
2.1.2. DOMAIN BACTERIA
2.1.2.1. includes organisms that are similar to first cellular life-forms
2.1.3. DOMAIN ARCHEA
2.1.3.1. includes organisms that are thought to be closely related to Eukaryotic cells found in other kingdoms of life
2.2. Eukaryotes
2.2.1. Organisms made up of one or more cells that have a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
2.2.1.1. Have subcellular structures called organelles which preform specific functions for the cell
2.2.1.2. surrounded by a membrane
2.2.2. larger than prokaryotes
2.2.3. nucleus is most prominent structure
2.2.4. controlled by the nucleus
3. Cellular organization
3.1. Colonies organism
3.1.1. identical cells that live together as a group
3.1.2. not truly multicellular bc few cell activities are coordinated
3.2. Multicellular
3.2.1. cells that are unable to survive independently
3.2.2. took on specific roles within an organism
3.2.2.1. an organ system is a group of organisms that accomplish related tasks
3.2.3. A group of similar cells and their products that carry out a specific function is called tissues
3.2.3.1. tissues that perform a particular job is called organs
3.3. cells-tissues-organs-organ system
4. Cell diversity
4.1. Cell Shape
4.1.1. Cell shapes reflects different functions of cells, can be simple or complex
4.1.1.1. important because the good stuff (oxygen and nutrients) and the bad stuff (waste ex: carbon dioxide) needs to pass in and out through its surface area.
4.1.2. Cell Size
4.1.2.1. Size of the cell is limited by the relationship of the cell's outer surface area to its volume
4.1.2.1.1. Surface area-to-volume ratio
4.1.2.1.2. When the cells gets bigger its volume increases more than its surface area does.
5. Basic parts of a cell
5.1. Plasma Membrane
5.1.1. cells outer boundary
5.1.2. covers a cells surface
5.1.3. acts as a barrier between inside and outside
5.1.4. All materials enter and exit through here
5.2. Cytoplasm
5.2.1. Region of the cell within the plasma and includes the fluid. cytoskeleton and all the other parts besides the nucleus
5.2.1.1. Other cells have a membrane-bound organelle that contains a cell's DNA (AKA NUCLEUS)
5.2.2. the parts that include molecules and small particles such as ribosomes are called cytosol.
5.2.2.1. 20% is made up of protein
5.3. Control system
5.3.1. Carries DNA for regulating functions and reproducing themselves
5.3.1.1. DNA floats free sometimes