Active transport

1. Examples

1.1. Uptake of ions by root hair cells

1.1.1. Plants take up nitrates and magnesium (ions) from the soil via root hair cells. Concentration of the ions in the root hair cell is greater than the soil. Energy from respiration is needed to transport ions into the cell against the concentration gradient.

1.2. Uptake of glucose

1.2.1. Glucose is taken up in the small intestine and kidney tubules. It moves against the concentration gradient through carrier proteins.

2. ​The movement of particles through a cell membrane from a region of lower to high concentration using energy from respiration.

3. Facilitated with carrier proteins.