Respiratory Distress in Newborn

1. Grades

1.1. Grade

1.1.1. Tachypnea

1.1.2. RR >60 breaths/min

1.2. Grade

1.2.1. Intercostal Retractions

1.3. Grade

1.3.1. Expiratory Grunting

1.4. Grade

1.4.1. Cyanosis in room air

2. Treatment

2.1. Supportive care

2.2. Monitoring

2.3. Assisted Medical Ventilation

2.4. Surfactant Replacement

2.5. Others (iNO or Vit. A)

3. Causes

3.1. Pulmonary

3.1.1. Transient tachypnea

3.1.2. Meconium aspiration

3.1.3. Hyaline membrane disease

3.2. CVS

3.3. Non-cardiopulmonary

3.3.1. Hypothermia

3.3.2. Hypoglycemia

3.3.3. Drug intoxication

4. Prevention

4.1. Before Birth

4.1.1. Antenatal CS to ♀ bet 24 & 34 week if preterm expected within a week

4.2. After Birth

4.2.1. 1st dose surfactant into trachea of asymptomatic premature infants