1. reason
1.1. innatism
1.1.1. ideas exist "innately' within us
1.1.1.1. Plato
1.1.1.1.1. the slave boy/ the Meno
1.1.1.1.2. universal forms
1.1.1.2. Descartes
1.1.1.2.1. ideas of God, own existence and concepts of the mind and extension can all be known innately
1.1.1.3. Leibniz
1.1.1.3.1. gain self awareness- senses come from our OWN experience
2. perception
2.1. direct realism
2.1.1. we perceive a mind-independent world directly as it is
2.1.1.1. issues
2.1.1.1.1. perceptual variation
2.1.1.1.2. illusions
2.1.1.1.3. hallucinations
2.1.1.1.4. Time lag
2.1.1.1.5. cartician demon
2.1.2. naive realism
2.2. indirect realism
2.2.1. we perceive a mind-independent world indirectly via sense data
2.2.1.1. issues
2.2.1.1.1. veil of perception
2.2.1.1.2. skepticism of mind-independent objects
2.2.1.1.3. dreams
2.2.2. sense data
2.2.2.1. Russell
2.2.3. Locke
2.2.3.1. primary qualities
2.2.3.2. secondary qualities
2.3. idealism
2.3.1. Berkeley
2.3.1.1. esse est percepì
2.3.1.1.1. to be is to be perceived
2.3.1.2. immediate objects of perception don't exist beyond the mind
2.3.1.3. world is mind-dependant
2.3.1.4. the likeness principle
2.3.1.5. the master argument
3. knowledge?
3.1. tripartite view
3.1.1. knowledge as a justified, true belief
3.1.1.1. justified- good reason for beleif
3.1.1.2. true- corresponds with reality
3.1.1.2.1. coherency
3.1.1.2.2. correspondance
3.1.1.3. belief- must be believed by someone
3.1.2. necessary + sufficient?
3.1.2.1. Gettier cases
3.1.2.1.1. examples of epistemic luck
3.1.2.1.2. Smith and Jones
3.1.2.1.3. Fake Barn county