1. Aristotle
1.1. Teleology: Having to do with the design or purpose of something, to seek a goal, to reach one’s potential
1.1.1. For Aristotle, the aim of ethics is to discover what is good for us as human beings, what permits us to reach our potential.
1.1.2. We become virtuous by choosing continually to do virtuous things, these actions become ingrained in us like a habit.
2. Kant
2.1. Deontology: Any human action is morally good when it is done for the sake of duty. A good example is when you don't want to go to your great aunts funeral however it is your duty.
2.1.1. Ethical maxim: is one which every ethical person would necessarily act if reason were fully in charge of his or her decision
2.1.2. "I should act in a way that I would want everyone else in the world to act"
2.1.2.1. "Treat workers not just as a means to making profit but as ends, individuals with their rights and goals"
2.1.2.1.1. Theoretical Reasoning: Freedom of coiffe not an issue. How we come to know how laws of nature govern human behaviour. Example: Tells us the effect of alcohol consumption on the body
3. Plato
3.1. "The Unexamined life is not worth living" is something socrates said when speaking to the Jury and explaining why he can't stop asking people about what they believe in. This connects with the good life.
3.1.1. To Socrates the life of waking up and doing the same thing everyday is not worth living or is not considered "The good life". In order to live a good life you need to be the master of yourself as well as doing whatever they can to help the community.
3.1.2. Socrates was told that It is not important to actually be just, but rather merely to appear to be just. He answered by saying "Justice isn't just Political it's about the SOUL".
3.1.2.1. Socrates connects the soul with two-horses chariots. He says the first horse connects with the person's appetites or desires as well as stubborn and must be controlled. The other horse is connected with someones spiritedness, is noble and can be used by reason which he associates with the charioteer, to help control the stubborn horse. However if that person doesn't learn how to reason can make use of spiritedness in order to rein in desire, then that person will be just as misdirected as the chariot controlled by the stubborn horse.
4. Levenus
4.1. Levenus was the representative philosopher for relational ethics. He was jewish and lost most of his family in the holocaust. The Face of the other call me to see him or her as unique The face of the other calls me to be responsible, to offer hospitality The face of the other calls me beyond my self-centred concerns
4.1.1. To recognize the individual before us is to begin to treat them ethically
4.1.1.1. Individuals are unique and this uniqueness is the interest of the Good
4.1.2. The search for the Good is the central question of philosophy for Levinas. This is the search for God.
4.1.2.1. Three Approaches to Ethics: Relational: Similarities: People are fundamentally ethical. All three ethical stances search for the Good. All three approaches touch on an aspect of Christian ethics