Patterns of Development in Writing Part 2

1. Cause: An oil spill causes crude oil to spill into the water. Effect: Many plants and animals in the water died. Cause: A child eats only junk food and never does anything active. Effect: The child is obese.

1.1. Cause: There has been an increase in greenhouse gases. Effect: therefore global warming is happening

2. Problem and Solution is a pattern of organization where information in a passage is expressed as a dilemma or concerning issue (a problem) and something that was, can be, or should be done to remedy this issue (solution or attempted solution). The problem and solution text structure may seem like it would be easy to recognize, but it can be moderately difficult to identify because it is frequently confused with the cause and effect pattern of organization, as they both have relational structures; however, if you read the passage and look specifically for both a problem and a solution to the problem, you should find it pretty easy to distinguish from cause and effect, as cause and effect passages do not propose solutions to any negative occurrences within the passage but rather just explain why or how they happen.

2.1. Example: It seems like there has been a surge in teen pregnancies these days. Teen pregnancies make it very difficult for young mothers to pursue their dreams and meet the demands of an infant. Fortunately, most teen pregnancies can be easily prevented by using birth control; however, even birth control is not 100% effective. The most effective way to prevent teen pregnancies is abstinence, which is 100% effective.

3. Persuasion describes an issue and your position or opinion on the subject.

3.1. for educational purposes only

4. Patterns of Development Definition Exemplification Chronology Description Comparison and Contrast

4.1. Cause and Effect details why something happens, what causes it, what are the effects and how it is related to something else.

4.2. Cause - Effect Pattern: Focuses on the cause, reason, and the result or consequences of a certain phenomenon

4.3. Cause: I never brush my teeth. Effect: I have a lot of cavities.

5. A classification and division essay combines two different techniques. First, you would divide a complex and difficult topic into subtopics for clarity and explanation purposes. Next, you would determine what categories are needed and what information fits into those categories. Think of a newspaper. All of the information is divided into different parts: news, advertisements, and classifieds. Then the information is classified into different categories. For example, news may be categorized as sports, international, local, lifestyle, etc.

5.1. PERSUASION pattern •THE PROCESS OF GETTING SOMEONE TO BELIEVE ON SOMETHING OR DO SOMETHING BY CONVINCING HIM THAT IT IS THE LOGICAL AND REASONABLE THING TO DO.