Punishment

1. Hanging

1.1. Punishment expeessive

1.2. Express public outrage

1.3. Collective conscious

2. Theories

2.1. SF

2.1.1. Durkheim

2.1.1.1. Restorative

2.1.1.1.1. Solidarity based on interdependentance

2.1.1.2. Social solidarity

2.1.1.2.1. Rituals of order

2.1.1.2.2. Retributive

2.1.1.2.3. E.g. trials/punishment

2.1.1.2.4. Repressive state

2.1.1.3. Social shift

2.1.2. Retributive

2.2. Marx

2.2.1. Althusser

2.2.1.1. Maintain social order

2.2.1.2. Realated to Capitalism

2.2.1.2.1. Serves needs

2.2.1.2.2. Social control

2.2.1.2.3. Means of depending ruling class property

2.3. PoMo

2.3.1. Surveillance unprecedented levels

2.3.2. Foucault

2.3.2.1. Social swift- material punishment to ideological

2.3.2.2. Normal life is becoming like a panopticon prison

2.3.2.2.1. Watched through CCTV, loyalty cards

3. Function

3.1. Reduce crime

3.2. Punish

3.2.1. Justice for victims

3.3. Social control

3.4. Conformity

3.4.1. Déterrant

3.5. Enforce laws

3.5.1. Protect public

3.6. Reform

4. Prisons

4.1. 2/3 convicted have a previous criminal record

4.2. 70 percent of prisoners reoffend

4.3. Example

4.3.1. Alcatraz

4.3.2. Wakefield