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Back pain 作者: Mind Map: Back pain

1. DD

1.1. Non specific

1.2. Non mechanical

1.2.1. Spinal

1.2.1.1. Degenerative conditions

1.2.1.1.1. Disc herniation

1.2.1.1.2. CSM

1.2.1.1.3. LCS

1.2.1.2. Alignment disorders

1.2.1.2.1. Spondylolithesis

1.2.1.2.2. Kyphosis

1.2.1.2.3. Scoliosis

1.2.1.3. Infection

1.2.1.4. Neoplastic

1.2.1.5. Trauma

1.2.1.6. Other

1.2.2. Extraspinal

1.2.2.1. Chest

1.2.2.2. Abdomen

1.2.2.3. Pelvis

1.2.2.4. Vascular

1.2.2.4.1. AAA

1.2.2.5. Systemic

2. Clinical picture

2.1. Symptoms

2.1.1. Axial symptoms

2.1.2. Radiculopathy

2.1.3. Myelopathy

2.2. Signs

2.2.1. Axial

2.2.1.1. Inspection

2.2.1.1.1. Skin

2.2.1.1.2. Lines and curves

2.2.1.1.3. Movments

2.2.1.2. Palpation

2.2.1.2.1. Local tenderness

2.2.1.2.2. Step

2.2.2. Radiculopathy

2.2.2.1. Pain

2.2.2.2. Motor

2.2.2.3. Sensory

2.2.2.4. Reflex

2.2.3. Myelopathy

2.3. Red flags

2.3.1. Age

2.3.2. History

2.3.3. Associated conditions

2.4. Common radiculopathies

2.4.1. Cervical

2.4.2. Lumbar

2.4.2.1. L4-L5

2.4.2.2. L5-S1

3. Investigations

3.1. PXR

3.1.1. Static

3.1.1.1. AP \ Lat

3.1.1.2. Oblique views

3.1.2. Dynamic

3.1.2.1. Flexion and extension

3.2. CT scan

3.3. MRI

3.4. Special investigations

3.4.1. Bone densitometry

3.4.2. Bone scan

3.4.3. Electrophysiology (NCV, EMG)

4. Treatment

4.1. Medical

4.2. Physiotherapy \ Rehabilitation

4.3. Interventions

4.3.1. Epidural steroid injection

4.3.2. Transforaminal epidural steroid injection

4.3.3. Annuloplasty

4.3.4. Facet joint injection \ denervation

4.3.5. Sacroiliac joint injection

4.4. Surgery

4.4.1. Lumbar

4.4.1.1. Laminectomy

4.4.1.2. Hemilaminectomy

4.4.1.3. Fenestration

4.4.1.4. Endoscopic

4.4.2. Cervical

4.4.2.1. ACDF

4.4.2.2. Cervical laminectomy

4.4.3. Arthroplasty

5. Resources

5.1. Mendely

5.1.1. http://www.mendeley.com/groups/825821/ss-602-neurosurgery