* Reported Speech

1. * 1) Definición

1.1. - Sin comillas, con verbo introductor

2. * 3) Pronombres / adverbios

2.1. - I→he/she; You→me/him; We→they

2.2. - This→That; These→Those; Here→There

2.3. - Now→Then; Today→That day; Yesterday→The day before; Tomorrow→Next day

3. * 5) Preguntas

3.1. - Yes/No → if/whether

3.2. - WH → orden de afirmativa

4. * 2) Cambios de tiempo

4.1. - Present → Past

4.2. - Past → Past Perfect

4.3. - Perfect → Perfect

4.4. - Will → Would; Can → Could; May → Might; Must → Had to / Must

4.5. - Gerundio/nombre = sin cambio

5. * 4) Verbos introductorios

5.1. - say, tell, ask; advise, promise, order, warn

5.2. - Estructuras:

5.2.1. - verbo + that + cláusula

5.2.2. - verbo + to-infinitivo

5.2.3. - verbo + gerundio

6. * 6) Casos especiales

6.1. - Si info sigue válida → no backshift

6.2. - Backshift context‑dependiente

6.3. - Must → must o had to