1. Energy
1.1. Ability of the bodies to realize a job and produce a change
1.1.1. Kinetic: Movement
1.1.2. Potential: Rest
1.1.3. Types of energy
1.1.3.1. Chemical
1.1.3.2. Electrical
1.1.3.3. Heat
1.1.3.4. Mechanical
1.1.3.5. Eolic
2. Matter
2.1. Object of the study of chemestry
2.2. "Matter is not made or destroyed, just transformed".
2.3. Mass
2.3.1. Existence of material in the form of particles measurement of the quantity of matter
2.4. Transformations
2.4.1. Mass-mass
2.4.2. Mass-energy
2.5. States
2.5.1. Solid
2.5.1.1. Defined shape & volume, atoms are in contact and ordered in a fixed pattern. Very small intermolecular spaces. Cohesion forces. No movement but vibration.
2.5.2. Liquid
2.5.2.1. Undefined shape & defined volume, atoms in contact, no fixed pattern, low cohesion forces, grater kinetic energy than solids.
2.5.3. Gas
2.5.3.1. Undefined shape & volume. Atoms separated in complete disorder. Repulsion forces. High kinetic energy. Huge intermolecular spaces
2.5.4. Plasma
2.5.4.1. Ionized gas. Generated at very high temperatures (1000 to 10000 C') Most abundant material of the universe. Te ionosphere is found on earth
2.5.5. BE condensed
2.5.5.1. Gases that behave like ice (quantic ice). Exits at very low temperatures (absolute zero). Millions of atoms joined together to form a giant matter wave that use the same space forming a super atom. Atoms behave more like waves than like particles.
3. Properties of gases
3.1. Do not have a defined shape or volume
3.2. Compressible, increasing its pressure can change liquid aggregation state.
3.3. Density is smaller than in liquids and solids
3.4. Uniform pressure inside of a recipient on all its walls
3.5. Diffusion
3.5.1. Gases are mixed spontaneously from a region of high concentration to a region with lower concentration.
4. Environment
4.1. Physical, chemical, biological, social, economic and cultural components that cause direct or indirect effects on the living beings in an ecosystem, for their survival & growth. Which is determined bye human activities.
4.2. Factors
4.2.1. Abiotic
4.2.1.1. Physical or not living
4.2.2. Biotic
4.2.2.1. Biological influences
5. Changes of state
5.1. New node
5.1.1. Exothermic
5.1.1.1. Releases heat (rise temperature)
5.1.1.1.1. Solidification
5.1.1.1.2. Condensation
5.1.1.1.3. Deposition
5.1.2. Endothermic
5.1.2.1. Absorbs heat (cools surroundings)
5.1.2.1.1. Fusion
5.1.2.1.2. Evaporation
5.1.2.1.3. Sublimation
5.2. Transformations of matter, does not involves measurements or scales, reversible (physical) or irreversible (chemical)
5.3. Physical changes
5.3.1. (Shape, structure) molecules remain intact.
5.4. Chemical changes
5.4.1. Molecules modify their structure, new unions of other atoms.
6. Properties of matter
6.1. Physical
6.1.1. State of matter
6.1.2. Odor, color, taste
6.1.3. Hardness, malleability
6.1.4. Brittle, ductility
6.1.5. New Topic
6.1.6. New Topic
6.1.7. Density
6.1.8. Boiling and fusion point
6.1.9. Solubility
6.1.10. Viscosity
6.1.11. Electrical and thermal conductivity
6.2. Chemical
6.2.1. Oxidation-reduction
6.2.2. Acidity-alkalinity-pH
6.2.3. Reactivity
6.2.4. Carcinogenic power
6.2.5. Combustibility
6.2.6. Detonate power
6.2.7. Toxicity