1. Communication
1.1. Martin Cooper develops the first handheld cellphone (mobile phone)
1.1.1. Almost all Canadians use phones
1.1.1.1. Many Canadian apps
1.1.1.1.1. Big part of Canadian life
1.2. First list servers are introduced
1.2.1. Many new Canadian servers
1.3. First email sent
1.3.1. Over 70% of Canadians use email everyday
1.4. The first hosts of ARPANET, Internet's ancestor, are connected
1.4.1. Helps with the creation of the Internet we use today
1.4.1.1. Almost all Canadians use the Internet
1.4.1.1.1. Helps Canadian businesses advertise in any website
1.5. Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young of Bell Labs
1.5.1. Propose a cell-based approach
1.5.1.1. Lead to "cellular phones"
1.5.1.1.1. This approach led us to modern smartphones and lighter and faster phones
1.6. Full-scale commercial television is first broadcast
1.6.1. Commercials help businesses better advertise their products
1.7. Radio
1.7.1. Radio station KDKA based in Pittsburgh
1.7.1.1. Began the first broadcast
1.7.1.1.1. Birth of many new Canadian radio stations
1.8. Television
1.8.1. John Logie Baird transmits the first television signal
1.8.1.1. This transmitting technology now is used worldwide
1.8.1.1.1. You can now watch foreign TV even if its from across the world
1.9. Radio transmission
1.9.1. By Guglielmo Marconi
1.9.1.1. To Newfoundland
1.10. Neil Papworth sends the first SMS (or text message)
1.10.1. The first text message creates one of the most popular way of communication
1.10.1.1. For Canadians
1.11. Internet
1.11.1. The social websites helped Canadians communicate with our friends and family from around the world
1.11.2. Facebook is launched
1.11.2.1. Helps Canadians communicate with friends and famillies
1.11.3. YouTube, the video sharing site, is launched
1.11.3.1. Many Canadian businesses use YouTube and many Youtubers
1.11.4. The Wikipedia online encyclopedia is launched
1.11.4.1. Many people learn about anything Canadian
1.11.4.1.1. Such as PM, sports, etc
1.11.5. Internet radio broadcasting is born
1.12. Most Canadians use all these social media
2. Energy/Power
2.1. Radio amplifier
2.1.1. Invented by Lee DeForest
2.2. James Smathers develops the first electric typewriter
2.2.1. Invention of the keyboard
2.3. Color photography
2.3.1. Invented by Auguste and Louis Lumiere
2.3.1.1. Leads to Canadian films
2.3.1.1.1. Canadian camera businesses
2.4. These appliances make our everyday lives easier and better for modern Canadians
2.5. Electric Appliances
2.5.1. Toasters
2.5.2. Air-Conditioners
2.5.2.1. Thomas Midgley, Jr. invents coolant chemicals for air conditioners
2.5.3. Vacuum Cleaners
2.5.4. Electric Irons
2.5.5. Refrigerators
2.5.5.1. Thomas Midgley, Jr. invents coolant chemicals for refrigerators
2.5.5.1.1. Helps us preserve and cool our food
2.6. The use an atomic bomb
2.6.1. Lead to the bombings of Nagasaki and Hiroshima
2.6.1.1. Japan surrenders
2.6.1.1.1. War ends for Canadians
2.7. Power Plants
2.7.1. First Nuclear Power Plant
2.7.1.1. Enrico Fermi builds the first nuclear chain reactor at the University of Chicago
2.7.1.1.1. Helped us produce a lot of clean electricity
2.7.2. First commercial nuclear power is produced at Calder Hall, Cumbria, England
2.7.3. World's first solar power station opened in France
2.7.3.1. Solar power plant creates very clean electricity
2.8. Computers
2.8.1. Chester Carlson presents the first photocopier suitable for office use
2.8.1.1. Photocopies helps us create exact documents for many people to use and is still heavily used today
2.8.2. Douglas Engelbart develops the computer mouse
2.8.2.1. Computer mouse helps us navigate the computer much easier and faster
2.8.2.1.1. Heavily used in computer games
2.8.3. Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, working independently, develop the integrated circuit
2.8.3.1. Circuits are now used for almost all electrical devices
2.8.4. James Russell invents compact discs
2.8.5. The personal computer (PC) market is born
2.8.5.1. The PC market resulted in billions of people owning a PC
2.8.5.2. Microsoft Word software is launched
2.8.5.2.1. Microsoft Word helps use create documents easier with many features too than a typewriter
2.8.6. Robert Metcalfe figures out a simple way of linking computers together that he names Ethernet
2.8.6.1. Most computers hooked up to the Internet now use it
2.9. First grocery-store purchase of an item coded with a barcode
2.9.1. Bar codes help use purchase our groceries easier
2.10. 3D TV starts to become more widely available
2.11. Apple
2.11.1. Apple releases its touchscreen tablet computer, the iPad
2.11.2. First iPhone released
2.11.3. Apple is used in almost all Canadian households
2.12. Supercomputers (the world's fastest computers)
2.12.1. Mere 30 times less powerful than human brain
3. Bio-Related
3.1. Surgery
3.1.1. Dr. Willem Kolff and Dr. Tetsuzo Akutzu
3.1.1.1. Implant first artificial heart
3.1.1.1.1. In a dog
3.1.2. Dr. Paul Dudley White becomes one of America's first cardiologistsand
3.1.2.1. Doctor specializing in the heart and its functions
3.1.2.1.1. Pioneer in use of the electrocardiograph
3.1.3. South African heart surgeon Dr. Christiaan Barnard
3.1.3.1. First human heart transplant
3.1.3.1.1. Improves our skills in surgery
3.1.4. First successful human blood transfusion
3.1.4.1. Using Landsteiner's ABO blood type technique
3.1.4.1.1. Saved many Canadians with bad blood
3.1.5. First test-tube baby is born in the U.K
3.1.6. Dr. William DeVries implants the
3.1.6.1. The Jarvik-7
3.1.6.1.1. Artificial Heart
3.2. Microbiologist Selman A. Waksman
3.2.1. Discovers the antibiotic streptomycin
3.2.1.1. Later used in treatment
3.2.1.1.1. Of tuberculosis and other diseases
3.3. Vaccine
3.3.1. First vaccine for influenza
3.3.2. First vaccine for yellow fever
3.3.3. Cured many Canadians with these illnesses
3.3.3.1. Improved Canadian Healthcare
3.3.4. First vaccine for pertussis (whooping cough)
3.3.5. First Vaccine for diphtheria
3.3.6. First oral polio vaccine
3.3.6.1. As an alternative to the injected vaccines
3.3.7. First vaccine for measles
3.3.8. First vaccine for chicken pox
3.3.9. First vaccine for hepatitis B
3.3.10. First vaccine for hepatitis A
3.3.11. First vaccine for lyme disease
3.3.12. Vaccines were very important to Canadians with these dieseases
3.3.12.1. Saved many Canadians
3.3.12.1.1. Improved Canadian healthcare with these inventions
3.4. These vaccines saved many Canadians
3.4.1. Improved Canadian healthcare
3.5. DNA
3.5.1. DNA from an extinct woolly mammoth was spliced into a elephant
3.5.1.1. Canadian scientists successfully used the "revived" DNA
3.5.1.1.1. To sequence the mammoths complete genome
3.5.2. Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal
3.5.2.1. Cloned from adult cell
3.5.2.1.1. Dies in 2003
3.5.3. These advances will help us cure more people in Canada
3.5.4. First draft of human genome is announced
3.5.4.1. finalized version released 3 years later
3.6. Other
3.6.1. Insulin first used to treat diabetes
3.6.1.1. Invented by Canadians Frederick Banting, Charles Best and James Collip
3.6.2. Garrett A. Morgan invents the Morgan gas mask
3.6.2.1. Protects troops from gas attacks
3.6.2.1.1. Protected Canadian troops from gas
3.6.3. Vitamin D
3.6.3.1. Discovery by Edward Mellanby
3.6.3.1.1. Shows its absence causes rickets
3.6.4. W.H.O. (World Health Organization)
3.6.4.1. Announces smallpox is eradicated
3.6.4.1.1. Canadians had a big part in this
3.6.5. HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is identified
4. Transportation
4.1. Cars
4.1.1. Cadillac is the first American carmaker
4.1.1.1. Offers automatic stability control
4.1.1.1.1. Increasing safety in emergency handling situations
4.1.2. William Potts refines Garrett Morgan’s invention
4.1.2.1. Adds red, yellow and green lights
4.1.2.1.1. Helps with reduction of car additional safety and control
4.1.3. Ford Motor Company
4.1.3.1. By 1924
4.1.3.1.1. About ten thousand dealerships operating
4.1.4. The Lincoln becomes the first American car to offer an anti-lock braking system
4.1.4.1. Helps with the creation of new and improved car safety technology
4.2. Planes
4.2.1. Henry Ford improves the assembly line for automobile manufacturing
4.2.1.1. Other automobile companies improve their assembly line
4.2.1.1.1. Improves automobile cities economy
4.2.2. Very first helicopter
4.2.2.1. Unsuccessful design
4.2.3. London to Paris air service begins
4.2.3.1. Leads to worldwide plane service
4.2.3.1.1. Canadian Airlines
4.2.4. First airplane with engine
4.2.4.1. Inventors, The Wright Brothers
4.2.4.1.1. Fly the plane with engine
4.2.5. First supersonic jet flight
4.2.5.1. Helps Canadian army to travel faster by plane
4.2.6. Modern helicopters invented
4.2.6.1. Igor Sikorsky builds the first truly practical helicopter
4.2.6.1.1. Lead to Canadian helicopter businesses and Canadians owning helicopters
4.2.7. First jumbo jet
4.3. Bullet train transportation invented
4.4. Space
4.4.1. Space shuttle launched
4.4.2. Soviet Union (Russia and her allies) launch the Sputnik space satellite
4.4.2.1. Helps the US compete with Soviet Russia to create the first manned mission to put a man on the moon
4.4.2.1.1. Leads to the invention of the Canada ARM
4.4.3. First manned mission (Apollo) to the Moon
4.4.3.1. Astronauts walk on the Moon and collected samples