Build Bridges: Prior Knowledge as a Foundation for ELLs
作者：Yen Dao
1. Build on prior knowledge
1.1. existing knowledge, skills, interests
1.2. first language as a foundation for teaching/learning
1.2.1. English/Language Arts
1.2.2. Geography
1.2.3. Physical Educaton
1.2.4. Mathematics
1.2.5. all subjects
1.3. language, culture, background experiences
1.4. strong experiential base
1.5. build new concepts
2. Celebrate diversity
2.1. languages
2.2. cultures
2.3. experiences
2.4. awareness
2.4.1. differences
2.4.2. similarities
2.5. sense of belonging
2.6. language-learning activities for ELLs
2.6.1. topics of importance to ELLs
2.6.1.1. read
2.6.1.2. write
2.6.1.3. talk
2.6.2. personal experiences
2.6.3. projects
2.6.3.1. "We are all related"
2.6.3.1.1. mixed-media works
2.6.3.1.2. role playing
2.6.3.1.3. storytelling
2.6.3.1.4. reading
2.6.3.1.5. writing
3. Welcome first languages in the classroom
3.1. develops English proficiency
3.2. supports sense of identity
3.3. support self-confidence
3.4. promotes positive attitudes
3.5. classroom activities
3.5.1. bilingual advertisement
3.5.2. same language partners
3.5.3. multilingual displays/signs
3.5.4. first drafts, notes, journal entries outlines
3.5.5. room partners/cross-grade tutors
4. Use a dual language approach
4.1. existing strengths/knowledge
4.1.1. academic
4.1.2. linguistic
4.1.3. cultural