1. Crustacea
1.1. cyclops
1.1.1. medical.importance
1.1.1.1. the intermediate host of : 1.D.latum 2.D.mansoni 3.D.mediniasis
1.1.2. control
1.1.2.1. regular steamong or addition of ca oxide ,chlorine,copper sulphate
1.1.2.2. fish e.g. Barbus can feed on cyclops.
1.1.2.3. wells water should be boiled ,filtered ,covered ,provided with pumps.
2. Arachnida
2.1. ticks
2.1.1. medical.importance
2.1.1.1. diseases caused by ticks
2.1.1.1.1. dermatosis
2.1.1.1.2. paralysis
2.1.1.2. disease transmitted by hard ticks
2.1.1.2.1. rickettsial diseases
2.1.1.2.2. bacterial & spirochaeatal
2.1.1.2.3. viral disease
2.1.1.2.4. protozoal disease
2.1.1.3. disease transmittedby soft tick
2.1.1.3.1. endemic relapsing fever
2.1.2. control
2.1.2.1. early removal of ticks by gentle traction after applying chloroform
2.1.2.2. soft ticks : killed by spraying their hiding places with insecticides.
2.1.2.3. using repellants , wearing high boots.
2.1.2.4. in case of ectoparasites (hard ticks) .insecticides applied directly by spray or dipping the domestic animals in basins containing 0.5%gammaxane.
2.1.2.5. anti-tick vaccine (veterinary practice)