1. Appositive Phrase
1.1. *essential appositive provides necessary information for identifying the noun.
1.1.1. Teacher Jitommy Diaz sent us a difficult homework.
1.2. *nonessential appositive provides additional information about a noun in a sentence.
1.2.1. Boby, the dog that lives next door, likes running in the park.
2. Participle Phrase
2.1. is a verb form that functions as an adjective by modifying nouns and pronouns.
2.1.1. Present P- Shivering, the couple ran out of the rain.
2.1.2. Past P- The broken window needed to get repaired.
3. Adjective Phrase
3.1. modifies a noun or pronoun by providing more information about it.
3.1.1. PP- The house accross the street is my friend´s.
4. Adverbial Phrase
4.1. modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb by providing additional details about it.
4.1.1. PP- Things are going well at school.
4.1.2. IP- To track my running speed, I use a stopwatch.
5. Geround Phrase
5.1. is a verb form that ends in -ing
5.2. plus any modifiers and complements.
5.2.1. Subj- Climbing is not as easy as it looks.
5.2.2. DO- In the summer, Kara prefers swimming.
5.2.3. IO- Students have made reading a habit.
5.2.4. PN- My sister's hobby is singing.
6. Infinitive Phrase
6.1. is a verb form that begins with the word to.
6.1.1. N- To watch horror movies scares my sister.
6.1.2. DO- Kari wants to sing.
6.1.3. PN- My father's dream was to be famous.
6.1.4. Adj- Pablo is an important person to know.
6.1.5. Adv- To sleep, bats hang upside down.
7. Prepositional Phrase
7.1. preposition + noun.
7.2. draws a relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in a sentence.
7.2.1. Adj- The boy with him is his son.
7.2.2. Adv- When you get to the sign, take a left.