1. Adverbial Phrase
1.1. modifies a verb, an adjective, or an adverb by providing additional details about it.
1.1.1. PP- Things are going well at school.
1.1.2. IP- To track my running speed, I use a stopwatch.
2. Geround Phrase
2.1. is a verb form that ends in -ing
2.2. plus any modifiers and complements.
2.2.1. Subj- Climbing is not as easy as it looks.
2.2.2. DO- In the summer, Kara prefers swimming.
2.2.3. IO- Students have made reading a habit.
2.2.4. PN- My sister's hobby is singing.
3. Infinitive Phrase
3.1. is a verb form that begins with the word to.
3.1.1. N- To watch horror movies scares my sister.
3.1.2. DO- Kari wants to sing.
3.1.3. PN- My father's dream was to be famous.
3.1.4. Adj- Pablo is an important person to know.
3.1.5. Adv- To sleep, bats hang upside down.
4. Appositive Phrase
4.1. *essential appositive provides necessary information for identifying the noun.
4.1.1. Teacher Jitommy Diaz sent us a difficult homework.
4.2. *nonessential appositive provides additional information about a noun in a sentence.
4.2.1. Boby, the dog that lives next door, likes running in the park.
5. Participle Phrase
5.1. is a verb form that functions as an adjective by modifying nouns and pronouns.
5.1.1. Present P- Shivering, the couple ran out of the rain.
5.1.2. Past P- The broken window needed to get repaired.
6. Prepositional Phrase
6.1. preposition + noun.
6.2. draws a relationship between a noun or pronoun and another word in a sentence.
6.2.1. Adj- The boy with him is his son.
6.2.2. Adv- When you get to the sign, take a left.
7. Adjective Phrase
7.1. modifies a noun or pronoun by providing more information about it.
7.1.1. PP- The house accross the street is my friend´s.