1. Purpose and advantages of views.
2. In each tuple of R, values of K uniquely identify that tuple (uniqueness).
3. Alternative Terminology for Relational Model
4. An attribute, or set of attributes, that uniquely identifies a tuple within a relation.
5. Order of attributes has no significance.
6. Each tuple is distinct; there are no duplicate tuples.
7. Values of an attribute are all from the same domain.
7.1. Order of tuples has no significance, theoretically.
8. Relation name is distinct from all other relation names in relational schema.
9. Each attribute has a distinct name.
10. Each cell of relation contains exactly one atomic (single) value.
11. Objectives
11.1. Terminology of relational model.
11.2. How tables are used to represent data.
11.3. Connection between mathematical relations and relations in the relational model.
11.4. Properties of database relations.
11.5. Meaning of entity integrity and referential integrity.
11.6. How to identify CK, PK, and FKs.
12. Terminology
12.1. A relation is a table with columns and rows.
12.1.1. Only applies to logical structure of the database, not the physical structure.
12.2. Attribute is a named column of a relation.
12.3. Domain is the set of allowable values for one or more attributes.
12.4. Tuple is a row of a relation.
12.5. Degree is the number of attributes in a relation.
12.6. Cardinality is the number of tuples in a relation.
12.7. Instances of Branch and Staff Relations
12.8. Relational Database is a collection of normalized relations with distinct relation names.
12.9. Views
12.10. Examples of Attribute Domains
13. Properties of Relations
14. Relational Keys
14.1. Superkey
14.2. Superkey (K) such that no proper subset is a superkey within the relation.
14.3. Candidate Key
14.3.1. No proper subset of K has the uniqueness property (irreducibility
14.4. Primary Key
14.4.1. Candidate key selected to identify tuples uniquely within relation.
14.5. Alternate Keys
14.5.1. Candidate keys that are not selected to be primary key.
14.6. Foreign Key
14.6.1. Represents value for an attribute that is currently unknown or not applicable for tuple.
14.6.2. Attribute, or set of attributes, within one relation that matches candidate key of some (possibly same) relation.
15. Integrity Constraints
15.1. Null
15.1.1. Deals with incomplete or exceptional data.
15.1.2. Represents the absence of a value and is not the same as zero or spaces, which are values
15.2. Referential Integrity
15.2.1. If foreign key exists in a relation, either foreign key value must match a candidate key value of some tuple in its home relation or foreign key value must be wholly null.
15.3. Entity Integrity
15.3.1. In a base relation, no attribute of a primary key can be null.
15.4. General Constraints
15.4.1. Additional rules specified by users or database administrators that define or constrain some aspect of the enterprise.