1. Nonverbal Messages Help Manage Impressions
1.1. You form impressions based on nonverbal communication
1.2. Others form impressions of you the same way
2. Nonverbal Messages Help Form Relationships
2.1. Nonverbal communication
2.1.1. Sends relationship messages--affection, support, or displeasure, anger
2.1.2. Communicates the nature of relationships
2.2. Tie Signs
3. Nonverbal Messages Structure Conversation
3.1. Show attentiveness and active listening
3.2. Eye Contact
3.3. Lack of Eye Contact
3.4. Posture
3.5. Turn-taking cues
3.5.1. Nod of the head
4. Nonverbal Messages Are Crucial For Expressing Emotion
4.1. Nonverbal can show your emotions
4.1.1. Facial expressions show anger, happiness, confusion
4.1.2. Posture shows if you are tense or relaxed
4.1.3. Eye contact or lack thereof
4.2. Nonverbal can hide your emotions
4.2.1. You smile even though you are sad.
5. Body Gestures
5.1. Emblems
5.2. Illustrators
5.3. Affect Displays
5.4. Regulators
5.5. Adaptors
5.5.1. Self-adaptors
5.5.2. Alter-adaptors
5.5.3. Object-adaptors
6. Facial Messages
6.1. Facial expressions communicate emotions
6.2. Face and body communicates intensity
6.2.1. Facial Management
6.2.2. Facial Feedback
6.2.3. Facial Feedback Hypothesis
6.2.4. Culture and Facial Expression
7. Spatial Messages
7.1. Proxemics—the use of space to communicate meanings
7.2. Proxemic Distances
7.2.1. Intimate
7.2.2. Personal
7.2.3. Social
7.2.4. Public
7.3. Territoriality
7.3.1. Primary
7.3.2. Secondary
7.3.3. Public
8. Touch Messages
8.1. Tactile Communication
8.2. The meanings of touch
8.2.1. Positive feelings• Playfulness• Control• Ritual• Task-Related
8.3. Touch Avoidance
8.4. Culture and Touch
9. Silence Messages
9.1. Role of silence
9.1.1. Communicates meaning
9.1.2. Allows speaker time to think and organize thoughts
9.1.3. Prepares receiver for important messages
9.1.4. Can be used as punishment or to disconfirm
9.1.5. Response to anxiety, shyness, or threats
9.1.6. Can prevent communication
9.1.7. Can communicate emotional responses
9.1.8. Seen in computer-mediated communication
10. Principles of Nonverbal Communication
10.1. Interact with Verbal Messages
10.2. Help Manage Impressions
10.3. Help Form Relationships
10.4. Structure Conversation
10.5. Can Influence and Deceive
10.6. Are Crucial for Expressing Emotions
11. Nonverbal Messages Interact with Verbal Messages
11.1. Accent
11.2. Complement
11.3. Contradict
11.4. Control
11.5. Repeat
11.6. Substitute
12. Nonverbal Messages Can Influence and Deceive
12.1. Nonverbal messages influence others
12.2. Nonverbal messages deceive others
13. The Channels of Nonverbal Messages
13.1. Body Gestures
13.2. Body Appearance
13.3. Facial Messages
13.4. Eye Messages
13.5. Spatial Messages
13.6. Artifactual Messages
13.7. Touch Messages
13.8. Paralanguage Messages
13.9. Silence Messages
13.10. Time Messages
14. Body Appearance
14.1. Everything about you communicates
14.1.1. Height
14.1.2. Weight
14.1.3. Race and Nationality
14.1.4. Hair Color and Style
14.1.5. General Attractiveness
15. Eye Messages
15.1. Oculesics show that duration, direction, and quality of eye movement communicate differentmessages
15.2. Eye Contact
15.3. Eye Avoidance
15.3.1. Civil inattention
15.4. Culture, Gender, and Eye Messages
16. Artifactual Messages
16.1. Messages communicated via objects or arrangements made by people.
16.1.1. Color• Clothing and Body Adornment• Space Decoration• Smel
17. Paralanguage Messages
17.1. Vocal but nonverbal dimensions of speech
17.1.1. Pitch• Rate• Volume• Rhythm
17.2. Judgments About People
17.3. Judgments About Communication Effectiveness
18. Time Messages
18.1. Chronemics explores how we organize, react to, and communicate messages with time
18.1.1. Formal and Informal Time
18.1.2. Monochronism and Polychronism
18.1.3. The Social Clock
19. Nonverbal Communication Competence
19.1. Be mindful
19.1.1. Be aware of yours and others
19.1.2. Observe effective and ineffective nonverbal messages
19.1.3. Encode and decode with care