1. Datatypes
1.1. Built-In Type
1.1.1. Integer
1.1.1.1. Signed
1.1.1.1.1. int
1.1.1.1.2. short int
1.1.1.1.3. long int
1.1.1.2. Unsigned
1.1.1.2.1. long int
1.1.1.2.2. short int
1.1.1.2.3. int
1.1.2. Float
1.1.2.1. long double
1.1.2.1.1. 80bits
1.1.2.2. float
1.1.2.2.1. 32 bits
1.1.3. Character
1.1.3.1. Signed char
1.1.3.1.1. 8bits
1.1.3.2. Unsigned char
1.1.3.2.1. 8bits
1.1.3.3. Char
1.1.4. Double
1.1.4.1. double
1.1.4.1.1. 64bits
1.2. Derived Type
1.2.1. Array
1.2.2. Funtions
1.2.3. Pointer
1.2.4. Reference
1.3. User Defined Types
1.3.1. Structure
1.3.2. Union
1.3.3. Enumeration
2. Design on Paper
2.1. Ms. Divya Khanure
3. mode
3.1. r - read only
3.2. w - write only
3.3. a - appending data
4. Strings
4.1. Concatenation
4.1.1. strcat(str1,str2); output is str1str2
4.2. Comparison
4.2.1. strcmp(str,str2); ASCII str1 - ASCII str2, +ve if str1<str2, -ve if str1 > str2
4.3. Copying
4.3.1. strcpy(str1,str2); outputs str1="str2";
4.4. Length
4.4.1. n=strlen(str);
4.5. Substr and many more string functions are available...
4.6. Built in function in ctype.h
4.6.1. isalpha(x)
4.6.2. isdigit(x)
4.6.3. isalphanum(x)
4.6.4. ispunct(x)
4.6.5. islower(x)
5. C- Tokens
5.1. Special Symbols (Delimeters)
5.1.1. ;,!?#$
5.2. Constants & Variables
5.2.1. Numeric Constants
5.2.1.1. int
5.2.1.1.1. %d
5.2.1.2. real
5.2.1.2.1. float
5.2.1.2.2. exponential
5.2.2. Character Constants
5.2.2.1. Single
5.2.2.1.1. %c
5.2.2.2. String
5.2.2.2.1. %s
5.2.2.2.2. Backslash
5.3. Keywords
5.3.1. Basic Building Blocks
5.3.1.1. int
5.3.1.2. if
5.3.1.3. case
5.3.1.4. while
5.3.1.5. struct
5.3.1.6. auto
5.3.1.7. break
5.3.1.8. case
5.3.1.9. do
5.3.1.10. for
5.3.1.11. else
5.3.1.12. continue
5.3.1.13. goto
5.3.1.14. return
5.3.1.15. switch
5.3.1.16. union
5.3.1.17. void
5.3.1.18. float
5.3.1.19. char
5.3.1.20. long
5.3.1.21. int
5.3.1.22. short
5.3.1.23. double
5.3.1.24. sizeof
5.3.1.25. typedef
5.3.1.26. register
5.3.1.27. static
5.3.1.28. const
5.3.1.29. extern
5.3.1.30. define
5.4. Identifiers
5.4.1. Ex: amount, sum etc
5.5. Strings
5.5.1. Ex" :SDMCET", "123"
5.6. Operators
5.6.1. Arithmetic
5.6.1.1. +
5.6.1.2. -
5.6.1.3. /
5.6.1.4. %
5.6.1.5. *
5.6.2. Logical
5.6.2.1. ||
5.6.2.2. &&
5.6.2.3. !
5.6.3. Assignment
5.6.3.1. +=
5.6.3.2. -=
5.6.3.3. *=
5.6.3.4. /=
5.6.3.5. %=
5.6.4. Conditional
5.6.4.1. exp1 ? exp2 : exp3;
5.6.5. Special
5.6.5.1. sizeof
5.6.5.2. , [comma]
5.6.6. Increment / Decrement
5.6.6.1. post
5.6.6.1.1. ++
5.6.6.2. pre
5.6.6.2.1. --
5.6.7. Bitwise
5.6.7.1. &
5.6.7.2. /
5.6.7.3. <<
5.6.7.4. >>
5.6.7.5. ~
5.6.8. Relational
5.6.8.1. <
5.6.8.2. <=
5.6.8.3. >
5.6.8.4. >=
5.6.8.5. ==
5.6.8.6. !=
6. Expressions
6.1. Arithmetic
6.1.1. precedence
6.1.1.1. high
6.1.1.1.1. *
6.1.1.1.2. /
6.1.1.1.3. %
6.1.1.2. low
6.1.1.2.1. +
6.1.1.2.2. -
6.1.2. example
6.1.2.1. a*b-c ->a*b-c
6.1.2.2. 3*x*x-x ->3x^2-x
6.2. Conversions
6.2.1. automatic type
6.2.1.1. follows the hierarchy of size of the operands
6.2.2. casting a value
6.2.2.1. (type name)exp;
6.3. Mathematical Functions
6.3.1. #include<math.h> cc filename -lm
6.3.1.1. example
6.3.1.1.1. exp(x)
6.3.1.1.2. fabs(x)
6.3.1.1.3. sqrt(x)
7. Input/Output
7.1. Formatted
7.1.1. Input
7.1.1.1. scanf("control string", &arg1,&arg2..);
7.1.2. Output
7.1.2.1. printf("control string", arg1,arg2..);
7.2. Unformatted
7.2.1. putchar
7.2.1.1. putchar(variable_name);
7.2.2. getchar
8. Control Statements
8.1. if
8.1.1. simple if
8.1.1.1. if(test exp){ body;} statement -x;
8.1.2. if else
8.1.2.1. if(test exp){ true-block}; else {false-block}; statement-x
8.1.3. nested if else
8.1.3.1. if(test exp1) { if(test exp2){ statement1} else {statement2;} else {statement 3}; statement-x;
8.1.4. else if ladder
8.1.4.1. if(condition1) statement1; else if(condition2) statement2; else if.........else if(condition n) statement n; else default statement
8.2. swicth
8.2.1. switch(exp){ case value1:block1; break; case value2:block2; break; ..........default:block; break; } statement-x;
8.3. conditional
8.3.1. conditional exp? exp1:true exp2:false
8.4. goto
9. Loops
9.1. continue (skip)
9.2. for
9.2.1. for(initialize ; test exp ; increment) { body; }
9.3. while
9.3.1. while(test exp) { body; }
9.4. do.. while
9.4.1. do { body ; } while(test exp);
9.5. break (jump)
10. Arrays
10.1. Dimensions
10.1.1. One
10.1.1.1. Declaration
10.1.1.1.1. type var_name[size];
10.1.1.2. Initialization
10.1.1.2.1. type name[size]={list of values};
10.1.2. Two
10.1.2.1. Declaration
10.1.2.1.1. type name[row_size] [col_size];
10.1.2.2. Initialization
10.1.2.2.1. type name[row_size] [col_size]={{row list},{col list}};
10.1.3. Multi
10.1.3.1. Declaration
10.1.3.1.1. type name[s1][s2][s3]....[sn];
10.1.3.2. Initialization
10.1.3.2.1. type name[s1][s2][s3]...[s3]={{list s1},{list s2}, {list s3}, {list s4}.....{list sn}};
10.2. Character Array (String)
10.2.1. Declaring / Initialising
10.2.1.1. char name[size];
10.2.2. Reading
10.2.2.1. scanf("%s",name);
10.2.3. Writing
10.2.3.1. printf("%s",name);
11. Functions
11.1. declaration
11.1.1. type name (type var1.......)
11.2. calling
11.2.1. main() { name(var1........); }
11.2.2. Call By Value - actual value of parameters
11.2.3. Call By Reference - pointers
11.3. types
11.3.1. with no arguments no return type
11.3.2. with no arguments one return type
11.3.3. with arguments no return type
11.3.4. with arguments multiple return type
11.4. definition
11.4.1. syntax
11.4.1.1. type name(type var1........) { local declaration; executable part; return(var); }
11.5. Recursion
12. Pointers
12.1. declaring
12.1.1. datatype *pt_name
12.2. initialize
12.2.1. p=&quantity
12.3. accessing
12.3.1. int quantity *p,n quantity=179; p=&quantity; n=*p
13. Files
13.1. Open
13.1.1. FILE *fp; fp=fopen("filename","mode");
13.2. Close
13.2.1. fclose(file_pointer);
13.3. Input
13.3.1. putc(c, fp1);
13.3.2. c=getc(fp2);
13.4. Access
13.4.1. position
13.4.1.1. n=ftell(fp);
13.4.2. reset position
13.4.2.1. rewind(fp);
13.4.3. moving
13.4.3.1. fseek(fp,offset,position)
13.5. Output
13.5.1. fprintf(fp,"control string",list);
13.5.2. fscanf(fp,"control string",list);
14. Structures / Unions
14.1. define a structure
14.1.1. struct name; { data type member1; datatype member2;..........};
14.2. initialization members
14.2.1. main(){ struct name{ datatype mem1; datatype mem2;.....}; struct name mem1={constant.....}; struct name mem2={constant......}; }
14.2.2. struct name{ datatype mem1; datatype mem2;.....};mem1={constants.......}; main(){ struct name mem2={constants.....};...............}
15. History of C
15.1. ALGOL
15.2. BCPL
15.3. B
15.4. Traditional C
15.5. ANSI C
15.6. ANSI/ ISO C
15.7. Dennis Retchie
16. Few Other Links
16.1. Companies using C Programming Language
16.1.1. https://docs.google.com/spreadsheet/ccc?key=0AvPic5Th8MOmdFdHc05mRHQwQmFNazk0T0N1RDRmcUE&usp=sharing#gid=0
16.2. NPTEL Videos
16.2.1. http://nptel.ac.in/courses/106104074/
16.2.2. http://ekalavya.it.iitb.ac.in/eVideos/CS101/content/preview.html