1. Validity and reliability
1.1. Validity
1.1.1. Refers to
1.1.1.1. Supports interpretations
1.1.1.2. Validity judgments are made on the basis of different evidence
1.1.1.2.1. Evidence with content
1.2. Reliability
1.2.1. Refers to
1.2.1.1. Consistency of the meaning of an instrument
1.2.1.2. The amount of data makes a test reliable
1.2.1.2.1. STUDENT RELATED RELIABILITY
1.2.2. RATER'S RELIABILITY
1.2.2.1. Occurs when
1.2.2.1.1. several evaluators obtain consistent scores
1.2.3. TEST ADMINISTRATION RELIABILITY
1.2.3.1. The conditions under which the tests are taken are of vital importance.
1.2.3.1.1. Define test results
2. Standards perspective on the formative and summative language assessment
2.1. Formative evaluation
2.1.1. Based on
2.1.1.1. Retrospective introspection
2.1.1.2. Collaboration among
2.1.1.2.1. teachers
2.1.1.2.2. students
2.1.1.3. Formative approaches
2.1.2. It has
2.1.2.1. Principles
2.1.2.1.1. Qualifying performance standards
2.1.2.1.2. Combine effort and time in activities
2.1.3. Presents
2.1.3.1. Techniques and strategies
2.1.3.1.1. Target setting
2.1.3.1.2. Learning objectives
2.1.3.1.3. Lesson structuring
2.2. Summative evaluation
2.2.1. incorporates
2.2.1.1. Students' performance
2.2.1.2. Is driven by student performance
2.2.1.3. Helps students with their thinking skills
2.2.2. It has
2.2.2.1. Principles
2.2.2.1.1. Practicability
2.2.2.1.2. Reliability
2.2.2.1.3. Validity
2.2.2.1.4. Authencity