1. 1. Problem Definition
1.1. Understand the Problem
1.1.1. Clarify Objectives
1.1.2. Identify Key Issues
1.1.3. Break it Down into Smaller Components
1.2. Ask The Right Questions
1.2.1. What is the Root Cause?
1.2.2. What assumptions are we making?
1.2.3. What constraints exist?
2. 2. Issue Trees ( Structure the Problem )
2.1. Create an Issue Tree
2.1.1. Top Level Question -> Break-down into sub-questions
2.1.2. Hierarchical structure for analysis 2
2.2. Types of Issue
2.2.1. Fact-based issues
2.2.2. Judgement-based issues
2.2.3. Action-based issues
3. 3. Hypothesis Driven Approach
3.1. Develop Initial Hypothesis
3.2. Test Hypothesis early
3.3. Use Deductive or Inductive Reasoning
4. 7. Conclusion & Next Steps
4.1. Summarize Key Findings
4.1.1. Insights
4.1.2. Recommendation
4.1.3. Action
4.2. Execute the Plan
4.2.1. Develop actionable steps
4.2.2. Monitor and evaluate progress
5. 6. Communication & Decision Making
5.1. Storytelling
5.1.1. Build a narrative around data
5.1.2. Make insights compelling
5.1.3. Address the “so what?” question
5.2. Decision Making Frameworks
5.2.1. Cost-benefit analysis
5.2.2. Decision trees
5.2.3. Risk assessment
6. 5. Data Collection & Analysis
6.1. Identify Data Needs
6.1.1. What Data is needed to test hypothesis?
6.1.2. Source of Data: Primary vs. Secondary Data
6.2. Data Analysis Techniques
6.2.1. Statistical Analysis
6.2.2. Qualitative Assessment
6.2.3. Sensitivity Analysis