1. Understatement
1.1. Defenition
1.1.1. Using less expression then expected. (Using hyperbole in a negative way.)
1.2. Examples in Candide
1.2.1. p.48 "It is the custom...to me"
1.2.1.1. I think this is an example of an understatement, because the man cut off his hands and legs, but he speaks of it as if it's nothing.
1.2.1.1.1. Voltaire is satirizing the inhuman treatment of others
1.2.2. "If the governor... him two."
1.2.2.1. It speaks as if two millions dollars or nothing.
1.2.2.1.1. Voltaire satirizes how people are willing to do anything for love.
2. Irony
2.1. Defenition
2.1.1. Expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite.
2.2. Examples in Candide
2.2.1. p.48 " But we...ever have"
2.2.1.1. It's Ironic how the king of Spain would have less than 2 sheeps
2.2.1.1.1. Voltaire satirizes the ignorance of other places.
2.2.2. p.58 "The Baroness... more polite."
2.2.2.1. It is ironic that the king is more polite than the people.
2.2.2.1.1. Voltaire satirizes the lack of respect for other people.
2.2.3. p.61 "I sent...an answer"
2.2.3.1. It is Ironic that Candide's love for Cunegonde can just change like that.
2.2.3.1.1. Voltaire satirizes that people's love change.
3. Parody
3.1. Defenition
3.1.1. Work created to mock and make fun of an original work
3.2. Examples in Candide
3.2.1. p.48 "when we... to me."
3.2.1.1. I think this is parodying the Caste system In India, where you cut off the hands and legs.
3.2.1.1.1. Voltaire is satirizing the inhuman treatment of others
3.2.2. p.61 "I sent...an answer"
3.2.2.1. I think this is parodying Romeo and Juliet. Candide's kills people for who he loves, and later his love changes. LIke Rosalina, and Juliet.
3.2.2.1.1. Voltaire satirizes how love change.
4. Allusion
4.1. Defenition
4.1.1. A figure of speech that makes a reference to a place, event, literary work, myth, or a work of art.
4.2. Examples in Candide
4.2.1. p.48 "Possessing more treasure than... scrape together"
4.2.1.1. It mentioned countries like Asia, Europe, and Africa.
4.2.1.1.1. Voltaire was satirizing the ignorance of people.
4.2.2. p.48 "More treasure than...ever have"
4.2.2.1. It mentioned the country of Spain.
4.2.2.1.1. Voltaire was satirizing the ignorance of people.
5. Oxymoron
5.1. Defenition
5.1.1. Combination of contradictory terms
5.2. Examples in Candide
5.2.1. p.49 "Public house"
5.2.1.1. House is a private space of room, and it says is is a public house.
5.2.1.1.1. There was no real significance.
5.2.2. New node
5.2.2.1. New node
5.2.2.1.1. New node
6. Hyperbole
6.1. Defenition
6.1.1. An exaggeration
6.2. Examples in Candide
6.2.1. p. 48 "They were delighted...all Asia"
6.2.1.1. I think it was a exaggeration to say that they had more treasure than all of Asia, Europe, and Africa.
6.2.1.1.1. Voltaire was satirizing the Self-conceit they have, which makes them look down on other places.
6.2.2. p.61 "I sent...an answer"
6.2.2.1. It is impossible for a person to end an expression 2500 leagues.
6.2.2.1.1. Voltaire satirizes that people's love change.