1. Maternal
1.1. Metabolites from Maternal Bacteria
1.1.1. Immune System Development
1.1.2. Astrocyte function
1.1.2.1. Blood Brain Barrier Integrity
1.1.2.2. Neuroinflammation Control
1.1.2.3. Synaptic Pruning
1.1.3. Gut Dysbiosis
1.1.3.1. Risk of autoimmune diseases
1.1.3.2. Risk of neurodevelopmental disorders
1.1.4. SCFAs
1.1.4.1. butyrate
2. Prenatal
2.1. In Utero Colonization Hypothesis
2.1.1. microbial colonization before birth.
2.1.2. 16srRNA sequencing
2.1.2.1. detection of bacterial DNA in samples
2.2. 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
2.2.1. Conserved Regions
2.2.2. Variable Regions
2.3. Sterile Womb Hypothesis
2.3.1. No microbiome exists before birth
2.3.2. Only mom microbiome interacts with baby
3. Birth
3.1. Vaginal Delivery
3.1.1. Infant microbiota = vaginal microbiota
3.2. Caesarean Section
3.2.1. Infant microbiota = mom skin microbiota.
3.3. Vaginal Seeding
3.3.1. vaginal microbes
3.3.1.1. C-section infants
3.3.1.2. B.fragilis
3.3.1.3. Lactobacillus spp.
4. Neonatal
4.1. Breastfeeding
4.1.1. beneficial microbes
4.1.1.1. vagus nerve
4.1.1.2. L. rhamnosus
4.2. Microbes in neonatal meconium
4.3. Environmental factors
4.3.1. microbiome colonization
5. Early Life
5.1. Gut Dysbiosis
5.1.1. colonization resistance
5.1.1.1. C. difficile infection
5.1.2. lactic acid bacteria
5.1.2.1. H. pylori
5.1.3. Oncomicrobe Colonization
5.1.3.1. DNA damage
5.1.3.2. TME
5.1.3.2.1. Cancer risk
5.1.3.3. Virulence Factors
5.2. Microbiome Disruption
5.2.1. Hygiene Hypothesis
5.2.2. Disappearing Microbiota Hypothesis
6. Maturation of Age
6.1. Immunity
6.1.1. Type I Interferon Responses for abtiviral protection
6.1.2. Training the immune system to recognze pathogens
6.2. Viral Susceptibility
6.2.1. HIV
6.2.2. EBV
6.2.3. COVID-19
6.2.4. life-long resilience to infections