1. testing for:
2. alcohols
2.1. primary
2.1.1. add acidifeid potassium dichromate (VI)
2.1.1.1. orange
2.1.1.1.1. green
2.2. secondary
2.2.1. add acidifeid potassium dichromate (VI)
2.2.1.1. orange
2.2.1.1.1. green
2.3. tertiary
2.3.1. add acidifeid potassium dichromate (VI)
2.3.1.1. orange
2.3.1.1.1. stays orange
2.4. test for any Alcohol
2.4.1. add sodium
2.4.1.1. sodium will react and poduce bubbles
3. aldehydes
3.1. fehlings test (benedicts solution)
3.1.1. blue copper (II) complex ions which oxides aldehydes
3.1.1.1. copper (II) ions -> copper (I) oxide
3.1.1.1.1. forms a red precipitate
3.2. tollens reagent
3.2.1. silver nitrate in aq ammponia
3.2.1.1. Ag+ is reduced to Ag when aldehyde is oxidised
3.2.1.1.1. forms a silver mirror
4. ketones
4.1. fehlings test (benedicts solution)
4.1.1. blue copper (II) complex ions which oxides aldehydes
4.1.1.1. copper (II) ions -> copper (I) oxide
4.1.1.1.1. forms a red precipitate
5. alkanes
5.1. add bromine water
5.1.1. brown
5.1.1.1. shake
5.1.1.1.1. stays brown
6. alkenes
6.1. add bromine water
6.1.1. brown
6.1.1.1. shake
6.1.1.1.1. colourless
7. carboxylic acids
7.1. add sodium hydrogen carbonate
7.1.1. bubbles vigourously
7.1.1.1. produces CO2
7.1.1.1.1. when bubbled through limewater turns cloudy