COMPONENTS OF MOVEMENT

1. 3 BASIC TYPES OF JOINTS

1.1. 1. IMMOVABLE (FIBROUS)

1.1.1. fibrous connective tissue eg kull

1.2. 2. SLIGHTLY MOVABLE (CARTILAGINOUS)

1.2.1. eg vertebrae and pubis

1.3. 3. FREELY MOVABLE (SYNOVIAL)

1.3.1. hips, shoulders etc.

2. 3 CONNECTIVE TISSUES AND JOINTS

2.1. LIGAMENTS

2.1.1. attach bone to bone

2.2. CARTILAGE

2.2.1. end of bones to stop wwear and tear

2.3. TENDONS

2.3.1. attach muscles to bone

3. JOINT MOVEMENTS

3.1. flexion

3.2. extension

3.3. adduction

3.4. abduction

3.5. rotation

3.6. circumduction

3.7. elevation and depression

3.8. lateral flexion and extension

3.9. horizontal flexion and extension

3.10. pronation and supination

3.11. plantar flexion and dorsiflexion

3.12. protraction and retraction

4. FREELY MOVEABLE JOINTS (6)

4.1. gliding - eg carpals/tarsals

4.2. hinge - elbow/knee

4.3. pivot - atlas and axis (neck)

4.4. condyloid - wrist

4.5. saddle thumb

4.6. ball and socket - shoulder and hip

5. TERMINOLGY

5.1. anterior -front

5.2. posterior - back

5.3. superior - upper

5.4. inferior - lower

5.5. medial- inside/middle

5.6. lateral - outside/away from midline

5.7. distal - away from trunk

5.8. proximal -closest to

5.9. superficial -close to surface

5.10. deep- furthest from surface