1. Infection
1.1. Pyelonephritis
1.1.1. caused by Coliform organisms (E.Coli)
1.1.1.1. ALL Treated with Quinolones;
1.1.1.2. Doxicyclines
1.1.1.3. Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole
1.2. Prostatitis
1.3. Epididymo-orchitis
1.4. Cystitis
1.5. Urethritis
1.5.1. Caused by Neiserria Gonorrhoea, Chlamydia Trachomatis
1.5.1.1. treated with Ceftriaxone & Doxicycline;
1.5.1.2. Macrolides
1.5.1.3. Quinolones
1.6. Meatitis & Urethritis
1.6.1. caused by Herpes Simplex II virus
1.6.1.1. treated by Aciclovir, Famciclovir etc
2. Spondyloarthropathy
2.1. Behcet's syndrome
2.2. Reiter's syndrome
2.2.1. Treated with DMARDs
2.3. Toxicity/drug side effects
2.3.1. Dopamine, cantharidin & others
3. Obstruction
3.1. Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
3.1.1. Assoc. with age & High Androgens
3.1.1.1. Alpha blockers
3.1.1.2. Finasteride
3.1.1.3. Surgery
3.1.1.3.1. TURP
3.2. Urethral Stricture
3.2.1. Assoc. with previous surgery
3.2.1.1. Surgery
3.3. Phimosis
3.3.1. Surgery
4. Stones/Calculi
4.1. Assoc. with metabolic disorders
4.2. & infection
4.3. Treated via:
4.3.1. Hydration
4.3.2. Pain Management
4.3.3. Antibiotics
4.3.4. Correction of metabolic derangement
4.3.5. Lithotripsy
4.3.6. ESWL
5. Malignancy
5.1. Renal cell tumour
5.1.1. Treated with surgery;
5.1.2. chemo
5.2. Bladder cancer
5.2.1. Assoc. with
5.2.1.1. smoking
5.2.1.2. aniline dye exposure
5.2.1.3. Benzidine