Ecosystem of the Monarch Butterfly

1. North America

1.1. Food

1.1.1. Milkweed

1.1.2. Nectar

1.2. Habitat

1.2.1. Meadows

1.2.2. Grasslands

1.3. Life Cycle

1.3.1. Egg, Larva, Pupa, Adult

1.4. Predators

1.5. Human Threats

1.5.1. Habitat Loss

1.5.2. Pesticides

1.6. Survival Mechanisms

2. Northbound Migration

2.1. weather

2.1.1. winds

2.1.2. air temp C

2.2. emerging milkweed

3. Southbound Migration

3.1. weather

3.1.1. storms

3.1.2. wind direction

3.1.3. thermals

3.2. energy sources

3.2.1. nectar

3.3. geographic obstacles

3.3.1. Great Lakes

3.3.2. Gulf of Mexico

3.4. Navigation

3.5. Staging area (waystations)

4. Mexico

4.1. Habitat

4.1.1. Oyamel Forests

4.1.2. elevation +3000 metres

4.1.3. water

4.1.4. Avg Temp +5 C

4.2. Michoacan

4.2.1. Poverty

4.2.2. Illegal logging

4.2.3. Climate Change

4.2.4. Reforestation

5. Action Plan

5.1. Habitat Preservation

5.2. Education

5.3. Eco-Tourism

5.4. Research

5.4.1. Tagging