1. 1935: Nuremberg Laws
2. 2) Segregation
2.1. slave labor "annihilation by work"
2.1.1. starved
2.1.2. transported like cattle in freight cars
2.1.3. camps built on railroads for efficient transportation
2.2. Survival based on the physical strength and trade skills
2.2.1. men, women and children were seperated from each other so that each group would be focused on the job the Nazis gave them at hand
3. before WWII 9 million Jewish people lived in Europe and by the end of WWII 6 million Jewish people were killed, one million being Jewish children
3.1. Who was Jewish
3.1.1. If your parent or parents were Jewish you were Jewish
3.1.2. If only ONE grandparent had been a Jew you could be classified as German
4. preconceived opinion that is not based on reason or actual experience.
5. prejudice or discrimination based on sex.
6. Attitudes
7. treating a person less favorably because of a disorder that affects their mood, thinking, or behavior.
8. valuing or treating a person or group differently because of what they do or do not believe
9. After WWI/ 1920s
10. broad power of the Canadian government to maintain security and order during war and rid any insurrection
10.1. Ukrainian-Canadians jailed under this act forcing them into slave labor
10.1.1. men detained for 18 months
11. enacted to prohibit admission based on culture, modes of living, methods of holding property and probability of becoming assimilated
11.1. June 1919
11.1.1. entry of Doukhobors, Mennonites, and Hutterites prohibited because of "peculiar habits, modes of living and methods of holding property"
11.2. 1923
11.2.1. head tax enacted for all Chinese immigrants under the Canadian Chinese Exclusion Act
12. Women want to vote and become "Persons" under the law, since women were not considered people. The initial goal of this was to become equal to men.
13. "Famous Five"- The five crucial women that pushed the right to vote and become people. In 1921 these women ran for office in a federal election and in October of 1929 the British council declares that Women should be Person's under the law.
14. WWII/Holocaust
15. German fuhrer (leader) Adolph Hitler, planned a genocide of undesirables in order to create a "perfect Germany" and "perfect Europe"
16. "Women bring all voters into the world; let them vote."
17. a way of systematically exterminating a nationality or group
18. mainly Jews but also Roma, communists, gay men, Africans, the disabled, Jehovah's Witnesses and political prisoners.
19. 1) Stripping of rights
19.1. Jewish people forced to live in designated areas "ghettos" to be isolated from the rest of society
19.1.1. 356 ghettos Nazis established in Poland, Soviet Union, Czechoslovakia, Romania & Hungary
19.1.1.1. ghettos were filthy,poorly sanitized and extremely overcrowded
19.1.1.2. disease rampant and food was in such short supply that many slowly starved to death
20. 3) Concentration
20.1. Wansee Conference (Berlin 1942) established the "complete solution of the Jewish question" and called for the complete and mass annihalation and extermination of the Jewish people."
20.2. camps established to concentrate the Jewish people from the rest of society
20.2.1. unsanitary, disease ridden and lice infested barracks
20.2.2. inhumane medical experiments
21. 4) Extermination
21.1. By 1945, Nazis have exterminated almost 11 million "undesirable" people and 6 million of those people were Jews
21.1.1. prisoners in camps worked to death under brutal conditions
21.1.2. too young, too old and too weak
21.1.2.1. killed in gas chambers, shot or left to die of starvation or disease
21.2. Nazis began to destroy crematoriums and camps as the Allied troops close in
21.3. January 27, 1945, Soviet army entered Auschwitz (largest camp) and liberated more than seven thousand remaining prisoners who were mostly ill and dying
22. Allied powers- Great Britain, France, Canada, China, United States (from 1941), USSR (from 1941)
23. Axis powers- Germany, Austria, Japan, Italy, USSR (until 1941)
24. Isolation
25. Cold war and Modern Canada (2016)
26. the annihaliation of Jews and other groups of people of Europe under the Nazi regime during WWII
27. Britain and France nervous and did not want to cause another war so they appeased to the Treaty of Versailles
28. propaganda and media
28.1. August 1939- German agents pretend to be Polish officers staged an assault at the German border to make it look as if Poland were attacking Germany
28.1.1. used false story to order Germany to invade
28.2. September 3, 1939, 2 days later, Britain and France declare war on Germany and one week later Canada does
29. he used the anger of the Germans on the topic of the Treaty of Versailles to his advantage
29.1. we will not pay reperations from the previous war
29.2. We want our military for protection, started to re-arm military and troops
29.3. sent 30, 000 troops to a de-militarized zone which was not allowed according to this treaty
30. (North Atlantic Treaty Organization): the agressive actions of Stalin (leader of Soviet Union) accelerated the US effort to use military means to contain Soviet ambihitions
31. USA, Canada, Britain, France, Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg, Norway, Portugal, Holland, Italy, and Denmark form a mutual defense pactin 1949.
32. Pledged countries would treat an attack against one as an attack against all.
33. organization of communist states in Central and Eastern Europe it was established on May 14, 1955 in Warsaw Poland
34. established in response to NATO treaty Albania (left in 1961 as a result of Sino-Soviet split), Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Poland , Romania, USSR, East Germany (1956)
35. Canada's Lester B. Pearson went to the UN and proposed that the UN Emergency Peacekeeping Force to be sent to the Suez Canl to seperate and mediate conversation between the rival armies
35.1. Crisis resolved
35.2. Canada slowly becoming a peacekeeper, which we never were before
36. Peacekeeping Missions
36.1. 1950-1953: Korean War
36.2. 1956: Suez Canal Crisis
36.2.1. Major part to start Peacekeeping
36.3. 1958: Lebanon
36.4. 1960-1964: Congo
36.5. 1974- PRESENT: Syria
36.5.1. More than 12,000 Canadians served
36.6. 1978-PRESENT: Afghanistan
36.7. 1988-1991; Persian Gulf (Gulf war)
36.7.1. four thousand Canadian Force personnel served
36.8. 1990-1991: Haiti
36.9. 1991-1995: El Salvador
36.9.1. contingent sent to observer mission to monitor ceasefire following El Salvador's twelve year civil war
36.10. 1992-1995: Somalia
36.10.1. mission gains attention and becomes national scandal referred to as Somalia Affair after Canadian soilders are convicted of torture, assault and murder of Somali civilians
36.11. 1993-1994; Rwanda
36.11.1. met significant hurdles as UN troops witnessed slaughter of nearly 800,000 Rwandans
37. 60s- 70s significant changes
37.1. '62- removal of much racial discrimination with new immigration regulations, assisted loan program extended to Carribean
37.2. '66- White paper promoting a balance between economic interest and family relationship
37.3. '67- Points system
37.4. '69- Canada finally signs Refugee Convention and Protocol
37.5. '71- Multiculturalism policy announced, many immigrants and refugees come from new source countries
37.6. '74- Creation of ISAP Program
37.7. '78- New Immigration Act
38. Universal Declaration of Human Rights
38.1. Bill of Rights
38.1.1. John Diefenbaker became Prime Minister IN 1958 and wanted to create new law to address issues of human rights in Canada and guarantee rights of individuals.
38.1.1.1. to life, liberty and personal security
38.1.1.2. to equality before the law
38.1.1.3. freedom of religion, speech, assembly, association and the press
38.1.1.4. to legal consel and a fair hearing
38.1.2. However he could not enshrine this into the Canadian Constitution because Britain still had power over constitutional affairs.
38.1.2.1. was the first step to Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms
38.1.3. legislated by Parliment and acted as a guideline for federal goverment and allowed victories against discrimination
38.1.3.1. such as the "Rv Drybones" case which ruled that Indian Act provisions related to liquor laws were discriminatory.
38.2. Canada was slow to vote in favor of this because it was still discriminating against various groups
38.2.1. Jehovah's Witness' recieved hostile treatment
38.2.2. communists being targeted due to Cold War fears and discovery of USSR spy operation
38.2.3. Japanese Canadians continued to be denied the right to vote in 1948
38.3. Indian issues
38.3.1. Indian Act 1951
38.3.1.1. Aboriginals were not allowed alchol, could not subdivide their reserve lands or launch claims without permission of the Superintendent of Indian Affairs, they could not vote in federal elections without giving up their Indian Status but if they gave up their status they wouldn't be able to function well within the reserves or in mainstream society
38.3.1.1.1. UN ruled this act violated Human Rights
38.3.1.1.2. Canada passed a Bill C-31 to amend Indian Act in 1985
38.3.2. Indian Act and Women
38.3.2.1. If an aboriginal woman married a non- Aboriginal man she and her children would lose their Indian Status, but if an aboriginal man marries a non- Aboriginal woman the same thing does not apply
38.3.2.1.1. 1966- Mary Two Axe Earley challenged this when she founded Equal Rights for Indian Women
38.3.2.1.2. Canada passed a Bill C-31 to amend Indian Act in 1985
38.3.3. White Paper Response
38.3.3.1. do away with Indian Act, dismantle the Department of Indian Affairs, shift responsibility for Aboriginal issues to provincial governments and eventually eliminate treaty rights
38.3.3.1.1. Aboriginals responded with outrage and this was withdrawn in 1970
38.3.4. Redpower
38.3.4.1. Native alliance for red powers issued in 1969:
38.3.4.1.1. self determination for reserves and Aboriginal communities, end to taxation, creation of an education system end to discrimination by police and prisons, honour treaties and compensation for loss of land end of "divide and rule" tactics by government.
38.4. Women's Movement
38.4.1. Royal Commission on Status of Women
38.4.1.1. all women should get to choose where or whether they work, society should help with raising children by providing daycare, women should be entitled to maternity leave and federal government should help women overcome descrimination
38.4.2. Voice of Women
38.4.2.1. promote disarmament and peace and enabled many women to articulate corncerns about the Cold War
38.4.2.1.1. frustrated about: equal pay for equal work, paid Maternity leave, laws protecting from sexual harrassment, control of their own reproductive rights
38.4.3. Women in the workforce
38.4.3.1. In 1951- 22.3% of the workforce was female and in 1961 women employed full time earned 59% of what a man would earn doing the same job.
38.4.3.2. 1955- restrictions in federal public service on employment advancement of married women were removed
38.4.3.3. 1970's- increased number of women opting to participate in the workforce and women in automobile companies for example, recieved the same pay as a man would for the same job
39. Charter of Rights and Freedoms summary
39.1. a) Guarentee of Rights and Freedoms
39.1.1. live free, justifiable in rights and freedoms
39.2. b) Fundamental Freedoms
39.2.1. freedom of religion
39.2.2. thought (right to have opinions/beliefs)
39.2.3. expression ( to state personal opinions openly)
39.2.4. association and assembly ( gather with and meet peacefully)
39.3. c) Democratic Rights
39.3.1. vote federally and provincially
39.3.2. run for elected office
39.4. d) Mobility Rights
39.4.1. enter, remain in or leave country
39.4.2. work wherever they would like in Canada
39.5. e) Legal Rights
39.5.1. John Dieffenbaker- Bill of rights " to life, liberty, security"
39.6. f) Equality Rights
39.6.1. to not be discriminated against because of appearance or physical, mental, spirtual and social beliefs or ability
39.6.2. all people are equal
39.7. g) Official Languages
39.7.1. the right to speak French or English in our bilingual country
39.8. h) Minority Language and Education
39.8.1. "Children are to be educated in either French or English where large enough numbers of students exist to justify a dual system."
39.9. i) Enforcement
39.9.1. the right to have this enforced and if any are denied the right to go to a social justice system
39.10. j) General Provisions
39.10.1. First Nations People have the right to retain previously established rights
39.10.2. ehance multicultural heritage
40. Goals: destruction of culture and assimilation into the white society
41. intense or irrational dislike or fear of people from other countries.
42. a person who believes that a particular race is superior to another.
43. "lesser people"
43.1. from other countries
43.1.1. immigrants, refugees, and people that were born somewhere other than Canada and did not look the same as the majority of Canada.
43.2. mentally ill
43.2.1. During the time almost up until present day the physically and mentally disabled,socially disordered, PTSD, homosexual, and sexual and gender disordered people were treated horrendously. These people were beat, stripped of their rights and treating inhumanly.
43.3. weaker gender
43.3.1. Women were considered lesser because they were not the dominant gender. A woman was basically their husbands property and those unfortunate to be married to a man that was abusive couldn't do anything about it.
43.4. religious diversion
43.4.1. if you were a different religion than the main culture was you would be treated as lesser and possible be forced into the dominant culture's religion.
43.5. anyone that wasn't white
43.5.1. was looked upon as lesser and would be treated poorly they would not be given any rights.
43.6. stereotyping based on what you've heard and not actual experience
43.6.1. predjudism against the German people was very common. They were considered the enemy but yet that's what the Germans thought of you in WW1 too.