Chemistry Vocabulary Concept Map
by Jasmir Williams
1. Atomic Number- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
1.1. Mass Number- the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus
2. Electron Dot Diagram- a diagram that shows the number of valence electrons an element has by surrounding the symbol with dots
3. Element- a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances
4. Isotope- one of several forms of the same element
5. Nucleus- positively charged, dense center of an atom
5.1. Atomic Radius- the distance from the nucleus to the outermost electrons
5.1.1. Energy Level- where energy levels orbit the nucleus
5.2. Proton- a positively charged particle located in the nucleus
5.3. Neutron- a particle with no charge that resides in the nucleus
5.4. Electron- negatively charged particle that moves around the nucleus
5.4.1. Positron- the positively charged antimatter counterpart of an electron
6. Periodic Table- a chart that organizes elements based on their properties
6.1. Chemical family- a vertical column in the periodic table of elements
6.2. Period- a horizontal row of the periodic table
7. Diagonal rule- a rule shows the order in which subshell electrons
7.1. Hund's rule- a rule stating that,within a subshell, electrons will occupy all the unoccupied spaces before sharing orbitals
7.2. Pauli exclusion principle- a rule that states that no two electrons can have exactly the same location and state
7.3. Aufbau principle- a rule that electrons will occupy the lowest subshell available
8. Valence Electrons- electrons found in the outermost energy level
9. Orbital- region of space occupied by an electron or pair of electrons
10. Atom- basic unit of matter
11. Ion- atom or molecule that has an electrical charge because it has gained or lost electrons
12. Radioactive- capable of releasing radiation
12.1. Daughter product- an atom that results from the decay of a radioactive atom
12.2. Alpha particle- positively charged particle that is emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom
12.2.1. Beta particle- negatively charged particle that is emitted from the nucleus of a radioactive atom