Canada's Participation in War

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Canada's Participation in War by Mind Map: Canada's Participation in War

1. 100 Days

1.1. Amiens

1.1.1. August 8, 1918

1.2. Canal du Nordi

1.2.1. September. 27, 1918

1.3. Cambrai

1.3.1. October 11, 1918

1.4. Mons

1.4.1. November 11, 1918

2. 1947-1991

3. Cold War

4. 1947-Present

5. Peacekeeping

6. Lester B. Pearson

6.1. Lived From

6.1.1. April 23, 1897-December 27, 1972

6.2. Prime Minister

6.2.1. 1963-1968

6.3. Nobel Peace Prize

6.3.1. Won for his role in the Suez Crisis

7. Dunkirk

7.1. The evacuation of British and French troops

7.1.1. 330, 000 soldiers were trapped by German forces

7.1.2. "little ships" were used for the evacuation of British and French troops

7.2. Troops were surrounded on the beaches of Dunkirk

7.3. German forces were never ordered to make a full scale attack

7.3.1. so, all soldiers were evacuated to Britain

8. Battle of Britain

8.1. The RAF and Luftwaffle clashed over the skies of Britain in the longest bombing campaign to that date

8.1.1. the German air force failed to control the skies over Britain

8.1.1.1. around 21% of RAF fighter pilots were lost on average every month

8.1.1.2. 16% of Luftwaffle fighter pilots were lost on average each month

8.2. the battle consisted of planes fighting overhead instead of troops fighting on ground

8.2.1. on August 13-15 the Luftwaffe turned to bombing RAF air bases

8.3. Britain were supplied with planes, troops and trained pilots from Canada

8.4. British advance in radar technology could detect German air forces, and be in the air before they had a chance to attack

9. Peacekeeping Missions

10. Korea

10.1. 1947-48

10.1.1. supervise elections

10.2. 1950-53

10.2.1. sends in troops

11. Palestine

11.1. supervise and monitor ceasefire

12. India and Pakistan

12.1. 1949

12.1.1. supervise ceasefire between India and Pakistan

12.2. 1965-66

12.2.1. Canada send contingent to border India and Pakistan

13. Egypt

13.1. 1956

13.1.1. supervise French, Israeli, and English withdrawl

13.2. 1973-79

13.2.1. supervise ceasefire between Egypt and Israel

14. Lebanon

14.1. Canada sends contingent to Lebanon

15. Congo

15.1. sent to restore order in African nation

15.2. assist in the removal of Belgium troops

16. West New Guinea

16.1. sent to monitor ceasefire between Netherlands and Indonesia

16.1.1. help peacfully transition of the territory to Indonesia

16.2. assist with maintaining rule of law and protecting human rights

17. Yemen

17.1. Canada sends contingent

18. Cyprus

18.1. maintain balance between Greek and Turkish over newly created island

19. Dominican Republic

19.1. to contribute to ceasefire

19.2. to withdraw OAS Forces

20. Israel and Syria

20.1. sends contingent to buffer zone between Israel and Syria

20.2. provide support for UN forces

21. Afghanistan

21.1. Canada sends contingent

22. Iran and Iraq

22.1. sends conginent to Iran-Iraq borders

23. Angola

23.1. assist in withdrawal of Cuban forces

24. Nambilia

24.1. Canada send contingent

25. Haiti

25.1. 1990

25.1.1. observe election process

25.2. 1993

25.2.1. Canada sends 750 military personnel and 30 civilian police

25.3. 1994

25.3.1. Canada send contingent to UN blockade of Haiti

25.4. 1996

25.4.1. Canada contributes 752 military personnel and 100 civilian police

25.5. 1997

25.5.1. Canada sends 650 military personnel and 60 civilian police

25.5.2. 22 civilian police and police trainers

25.6. 2004

25.6.1. Canada sends 66 civilian police and 5 military personnel

26. Knor Abdullah

26.1. monitor waterway between Iraq and Kuwait

27. El Salvador

27.1. Canada sends contingent to monitor ceasefire following the 12 year civil war in El Salvador

28. Bosnia and Herzgovina

28.1. Canada sends 30 civilian police

29. Guatemala

29.1. Canada monitors the ceasefire agreement

30. Canada's Role

31. The United States

32. The United Nations

33. Peacekeeping

33.1. Canada aided in peacekeeping with the UN

34. NORAD

34.1. North American Aerospace Defence Command

34.1.1. an air-defence system in northern Canada

34.1.2. role was to warn of Soviet bombers and/or missiles

35. Projects

35.1. Avro Arrow

35.1.1. was a delta winged interceptor aircraft

35.1.1.1. was seen as an advanced technical acheivement

35.1.1.2. also an aerodynamic achievement for Canadian aviation industry

35.1.2. study began in 1953

35.1.3. Black Friday

35.1.3.1. February 20, 1959

35.1.3.2. put 14,528 employees out of work

35.1.3.3. nearly another 15,000 employees in suppliers

36. NATO

36.1. Canada's role was to secure shipping lanes between North America and Europe

36.2. they would make sure all trade supplies would make it from place to place

36.3. Canada supplied their Navy since it was one of the largest at that point n time

36.3.1. Canada since then has sold most of their warships and planes

37. Strained When...

37.1. Canada withdrew warheads

37.2. Pierre Trudeau recognized People'sRepublic of China

37.3. Pierre grew in relations with Castro

37.4. Pierre decreased troops at NATO in Europe

38. 1914-1918

39. WWII

40. WWI

41. Historical Battles

42. 1935-1945

43. Somme

43.1. Offensive Attack

43.1.1. seen as an opportunity to stop German forces

43.2. Under British Command

43.2.1. British General Douglas Haig

43.3. Poor planned/ stratigised

43.3.1. resulted in over 24, 000 Canadian deaths

44. Vimy Ridge

44.1. Under Canadian Command

44.1.1. General Arthur Currie

44.2. Offensive Attack

44.2.1. the ridge was seen as a vantage point for whoever held it

44.2.2. German troops surrendered 2 days later

44.3. Used Creeping Barrage Tactic

44.3.1. artillery would fire just in front of the troops to provide cover for them

44.3.2. troops wold be on top of German forces before they couple ready themselves

44.3.3. had to be executed precisely, with troops meeting at specific locations and the right time

44.4. Troops and Casualties

44.4.1. 40,000 troops went over the trenches and around 36,400 came back alive

45. Contribution to War

45.1. Military

45.1.1. 424, 000 soldies

45.1.2. 8, 000 sailors

45.1.3. 35, 972 pilots

45.2. Artillery

45.2.1. Guns

45.2.2. Ammunition

45.2.3. Mortars

45.3. Machinery

45.3.1. Planes

45.3.2. Battleships

46. Ypres

46.1. Place

46.1.1. town in Belgium

46.2. First time chemical warfare was ever used

46.2.1. resulted in around 6,000 casualties

46.2.2. chemicals would cause suffering of the troops

46.3. Under British Command

46.4. Defensive Attack

47. Passchendale

47.1. Under British Command

47.1.1. General Douglais Haig

47.2. Third Battle of Ypres

47.3. Rough Turrain

47.3.1. Craters were made from the bombardment

47.3.2. Land was demormend

47.3.3. Rain slowed the troops

47.4. Casualties

47.4.1. 15,654

48. Battles

49. Hong Kong

49.1. The battle was the first of many battles of the War of the Pacific in WWII

49.1.1. even though the troops had no chance of victory, they refused to back down until they were overran by enemy forces

49.1.1.1. for those that survived, they were taken prisoners

49.2. In October 1941, a group of Canadian troops were ordered for service in the Pacific

49.2.1. the battalion consisted of 1,975 soldiers

49.2.1.1. 290 soldiers were killed in battle

49.2.1.2. 264 more died as prisoners held by Japanese forces

49.2.1.3. close to 500 Canadians were wounded

50. Dieppe Raid

50.1. Took place on the northern coast of France

50.1.1. the coast was a small French port of Dieppe

50.2. 4,963 Canadian soldiers were involved in the operation

50.2.1. the raid resulted in over 900 Canadian deaths

50.2.2. thousand more soldiers were either wounded or taken prisoners

50.3. The operation was not successful, but provided many lessons for other assaults

51. Italian Campaign

51.1. The campaign began with the Allied forces landing in Sicily

51.1.1. the operation began when Canadian and British troops came ashore the tip of Sicily

51.1.1.1. the assault was the largest seaborne operation in military history

51.1.1.2. the operation involved 3,000 Allied ships and landing crafts

51.1.2. the fighting would last more than four weeks of fighting

51.2. The liberation of mainland Italy started on September 3, 1943

51.2.1. after the loss of Sicily, Germany was was determined to hold the Italian mainland

51.3. The campaign totalled more than 26,000 casualties for Canadian troops

52. D-Day

52.1. Place

52.1.1. 50 mile stretch along the five beaches of Normandy, France

52.2. The objective was to liberate Western Europe from Nazi Control

52.3. The battle began when 156,000 American, British, and Canadian forces stormed the beaches of Normandy

52.3.1. British and Canadian troops captured beaches Gold, Juno, and Sword

52.3.2. US forces faced heavy resistance at Utah and Omaha Beach

52.4. By late August, all of Northern France had been liberated

52.4.1. the landing was called the beginning of the end of the war

52.4.2. June 11, the beaches were secured with over 326,000 troops, 50,000 vehicles, and 100,000 tons of equipment was held at Normandy

53. Liberation of Europe

53.1. In the ending of WWII, 1944-1945, the rest of Europe began to be liberated by Allied forces

53.1.1. the Allies began to take large numbers of prisoners from the Axis powers

53.1.2. Concentration camps began to be liberated by Allied forces in the West

53.1.3. Mussolini, dictator of Italy, is killed and Italy surrenders

53.1.4. Hitler commits suicide, April 29, and Germany surrenders shortly after

53.2. May 8, 1945, is Victory in Europe Day which marks the end of WWII with German unconditional surrender of its forces

54. Battle of the Atlantic

54.1. Longest military engagement of WWII

54.2. Fought by the Royal Canadian Navy and Royal Canadian Air force

54.2.1. more than 4,600 men and women lost their lives at sea

54.3. ended May 1945

55. War in the Pacific

55.1. Started with Japan's invasion on Pearl Harbour

55.1.1. In a surprise, Japan bombed US naval base, Pearl Harbour

55.2. Japanese forces attacked to control eastern Asia and the Pacific

55.2.1. Battle between the US and Japan broke out in the Pacific

55.3. Japan eventually surrendered on August 15, 1945

55.3.1. Japan's surrender came after the US dropped two atomic bombs

55.3.2. The bombs destroyed the cities of Hiroshima, August 6, and Nagasaki, August 9,

56. Contribution to War

56.1. Military

56.1.1. 750, 000 soldiers

56.1.2. 100, 000 sailors

56.1.3. 250, 000 pilots

56.2. Artillery

56.2.1. Guns

56.2.2. Ammunition

56.2.3. Bombs

56.2.4. Mortars

56.3. Machinery

56.3.1. Planes

56.3.2. Battleships

56.3.3. Tanks