Effect of Malay-China Trade Relations During the Malacca Sultanate on the Emergence of Chinese Pe...

1. China Trade Relations and Malacca

1.1. Malacca seek refuge from Ming Dynasty (strong empire)

1.1.1. protection from Ayudha's threats

1.2. Admiral Zheng He recognize Malacca as a center of international trade

1.2.1. saved Malacca from the threats of Siam

1.3. Malacca had trade relations and close diplomatic relations with China

1.3.1. year of 1403 to 1435

1.4. Intermarriage between Chinese traders + local Malay community

1.4.1. new community borned

1.4.1.1. Chinese guard

1.4.1.2. Chinese Peranakan / Baba

1.4.1.3. Nyonya of Malacca

2. History of Chinese Arrival in Malacca

2.1. Since Malacca Sultanate

2.1.1. earliest identifiable settlement  of Chinese in Malacca

2.2. China attracted to Malacca

2.2.1. entrepot trade center

2.2.2. place of exchanging business items

3. Commercial Activities in Malacca

3.1. Malacca as a center of spice trade

3.1.1. central collection

3.1.2. marketing place

3.2. Malacca harbor was situated in a protected zone

3.2.1. safe from threat of Monsoon

3.2.1.1. Southwest

3.2.1.2. Northeast

3.3. Traders from Java, Arab, India, China which do commercial activites

3.3.1. take refuge in Malacca

3.3.1.1. they sails off when the situation is safe

3.4. Malacca's role as an entrepot port

3.4.1. able to act as a receiver of the goods

3.4.2. able to act as a buyer of the goods

3.5. Malacca served as a mediator

3.5.1. exchange commercial goods between traders

3.5.1.1. East

3.5.1.2. West

3.5.1.3. Archipelago

3.6. Malacca was known as Sulalatus Salatin

3.6.1. busy port

3.6.2. commercial center

3.7. Malacca population increases

3.7.1. have strategic geographical position in the international trade route

3.7.2. efforts of state government

3.7.2.1. maintain prosperity among foreign countries

3.8. Malacca relate with China through marriage

3.8.1. Sultan Mansur Shah + Princess Hang Li Po (who embraced Islam)

3.8.2. Chinese was given specific placement

3.8.2.1. Bukit China

4. Effect of Commercial Activity Against Chinese Peranakan Community Formation in Malacca

4.1. Chinese village had been built in Malacca

4.1.1. near town Upe

4.2. trade relation plays an important role in creating new ethnicity

4.2.1. Chinese Peranakan

4.3. Chinese Peranakan had progressed in various sectors

4.3.1. educations

4.3.2. employment, etc.

4.4. Existence of Chinese Peranakan was justified

4.4.1. Cheng Hoon Teng temple

4.4.1.1. built during Dutch Rule

4.4.1.2. oldest temple in Malaysia

4.4.1.3. place for religious purposes

4.4.1.4. place for discussing and solving problems

4.5. Until 18th century, strong group of Chinese Peranakan had formed

4.5.1. Chinese Peranakan descent

4.5.1.1. Tun Tan Cheng Lock (1883 - 1960)

4.5.1.2. his son, Tun Tan Siew Sin

4.6. Trade relationship had much impact on formation and existence of Chinese Peranakan in Malacca

4.7. Dimensions of Malay adaptions can be seen

4.7.1. culture

4.7.2. language

4.7.3. clothing

4.7.4. jewelry

4.7.5. traditional games

4.7.6. singing

4.7.7. poem

4.7.8. belief system