Identification method of microorganisms

1. Gram stain

1.1. Gram positive : Purple

2. Stain bacteria with waxy material

3. Endospore staining

3.1. Schaeffer-Fulton endospore stain

3.1.1. Use a mordant and stain carbolfuchsin to coat the flagella

3.2. Endospore appear green within pink cells

4. Biochemical tests

4.1. To verify its metabolic activity

4.1.1. - Phenol Red broth - Casease Test - Gelatin Test - Lipase Test - Starch hydrolysis - Motility test - Catalase test

5. Numerical taxonomy

5.1. Computer assisted taxonomy

6. Differential staining

6.1. Gram negative : Pink

6.2. Acid-fast stain

6.3. Negative staining for capsules

6.3.1. Use india ink to provide a contrasting background then stain with safranin

6.4. Flagella staining

7. Morphology characteristics

7.1. - cell type (prokaryote or eukaryote) - shape and size - cellular grouping (chain, clump) - external structures (flagella, motility) - internal structures (inclusion granules)