Central Idea

1. Model A:Technological Adoption Model

1.1. emphasized on

1.1.1. technological infrastructure

1.1.2. organizational structure

1.1.3. teachers' technical skills

2. Model B:Catalytic Integration Model

2.1. emphasized on

2.1.1. integration of ICT into teaching and learning

2.1.1.1. curriculum innovation and reform

2.1.1.2. changing roles for teachers and learners.

3. Model C:Cultural Innovation Model

3.1. emphasized on

3.1.1. process of change in relation to ICT implementation in a relatively smooth manner

3.2. Characteristics

3.2.1. ICT was well integrated into curriculum

3.2.2. a strong sense of mission

3.2.3. a clearly identifiable vision of education

3.2.4. a long history

3.2.5. a deeply ingrained school tradition