1. Commercial presence = 3 networks
1.1. Direct export = control
1.1.1. Advantages
1.1.1.1. Autonomy
1.1.1.2. Market knowledge
1.1.1.3. Networks + profits
1.1.2. Disadvantages
1.1.2.1. Risks + time + involvement
1.1.2.2. Financial ressources
1.1.2.3. International expertise
1.2. Partnerships = cooperation
1.2.1. Advantages
1.2.1.1. Shared risks + knowledge
1.2.1.2. Shared ressource + easy access
1.2.2. Disadvantages
1.2.2.1. Risks + difficulties + 1/2 control
1.2.2.2. Investment + partners selection
1.3. Indirect expport = outsourcing
1.3.1. Advantages
1.3.1.1. Limited risk + cost
1.3.1.2. Direct access
1.3.2. Disadvantages
1.3.2.1. Few trade control
1.3.2.2. Price pressure + short term vision
1.3.2.3. Local market knowledge
2. Industrial presence = 3 networks
2.1. Direct investment
2.1.1. Subsidary = company whose stock is controled by another company at 50%
2.1.1.1. Risks
2.1.1.2. Investment
2.2. Joint venture investment
2.2.1. New company creation by 2 companies together
2.2.1.1. Share costs
2.2.1.2. Share margins
2.3. Technology transfert
2.3.1. The sale of knowledge, tools, techniques and methods to get a product or service in the same conditions
2.3.1.1. Hard market access
2.3.1.2. Expensive
3. = distribution of goods and services abroad
4. Market organization
4.1. Commercial = sales abroad
4.1.1. No manufacturing abroad
4.1.2. First phase of installation in the market
4.1.3. Economy of scale
4.1.4. Added value products
4.2. Industrial = production abroad
4.2.1. Local manufacturing
4.2.2. Advanced international stage
4.2.3. Logistical restrictions
4.2.4. Trade barriers
4.2.5. Differences in standard living