1. Elements
1.1. Structure
1.1.1. 2 forms
1.1.1.1. solid construction
1.1.1.1.1. creates a heaviness and solidity to buildings
1.1.1.1.2. will define a building's interior spaces
1.1.1.2. framework construction
1.1.1.2.1. provide a great deal of flexibility in terms of the building's internal layout and the position of its openings.
1.1.1.2.2. can be very quickly constructed and even adapted to suit future needs
1.2. Foundation
1.2.1. support the structure of the building at the point where it touches the ground
1.2.2. due to local topography or restrictions of site development
1.3. Walls and Openings
1.3.1. create an enclosure, making the definition between the interior and exterior boundaries
1.3.2. openings in walls allow light into the interior spaces
1.4. Roofs
1.4.1. define the top layer of a building
1.4.2. offer protection and provide a sense of safety an security
1.4.3. normally determined by its function but the building's immediate context will also inform the roof's design
2. Materials
2.1. Masonry
2.1.1. made from brick and stone
2.1.2. be stacked
2.1.3. needs support to be stable
2.2. Concrete
2.2.1. made of aggregate, gravel, cement, sand and water
2.2.2. can be brutal when used in large, heavy structures
2.2.3. but sometimes it still have a subtlety
2.2.4. can be reinforced with a steel mesh to provide greater strength and stability
2.3. Gabion and Dry-stone walls
2.3.1. be used to hold back earthworks
2.3.2. in the remodeling of landscapes for road construction
2.3.3. sea defences
2.3.4. dry-stone walls are constructed from found materials
2.4. Timbers
2.4.1. can be used both as an exterior frame and as an interior finish
2.4.2. Tradesmen
2.4.2.1. Carpenters: deal with larger structural pieces of timber
2.4.2.2. Joiners: make the finished elements for the interior
2.4.2.3. Cabinetmakers: make more detailed furnishing elements
2.4.3. be usually of a limited scale
2.4.4. comes in various forms
2.5. Iron and steel
2.5.1. can be used to construct the light frames
2.5.2. became popular during the period of 19th century
2.5.3. has liberates architectural form
2.5.4. has afforded the potential for a skyscraper scale of architecture
2.6. Glass
2.6.1. transparency
2.6.2. appear as an invisible plane
2.6.3. the origins of glass was used to produce decorative ceramics and jewellery