1. Australia's health system
1.1. Medicare
1.1.1. Aim
1.1.1.1. Provide access to affordable basic healthcare
1.1.1.2. Pay all or some of fees relating to healthcare services
1.1.2. An Universal Health Care System
1.1.2.1. Cover
1.1.2.1.1. Out of hospital expenses
1.1.2.1.2. In hospital expenses
1.1.2.2. Not covered
1.1.2.2.1. Most dental treatment
1.1.2.2.2. Allied health services (physiotherapy, acupuncture, chiropractic,...)
1.1.2.2.3. Ambulance
1.1.2.2.4. Glasses, hearing aids,...
1.1.2.3. Fund
1.1.2.3.1. General tax
1.1.2.3.2. Medical levy (2% of income)
1.1.2.3.3. Medical levy surcharge (for higher income earners without PHI)
1.1.3. Advantage and disadvantage
1.1.3.1. Advantages
1.1.3.1.1. Available to all citizens regardless of income and disability
1.1.3.1.2. Free healthcare in pubic hospitals
1.1.3.1.3. Subsidised prescriptions
1.1.3.1.4. Bulk billing
1.1.3.2. Disadvantage
1.1.3.2.1. Longer waiting lists
1.1.3.2.2. No choice of doctor
1.1.3.2.3. Increased the out-of-pocket expenses - paying gap fee
1.2. Pharmaceutical Benefit Scheme
1.2.1. Aim
1.2.1.1. Provide access to free medicines
1.2.1.2. For people who hold a Medicare card
1.2.1.3. For overseas vistors that have RHCA from New Zealand, the United Kingdom, ...
1.2.1.4. Over 4000 medicines on PBS lists which cover different brands
1.2.2. Fee
1.2.2.1. Patient co-payment
1.2.2.1.1. Patients pay towards the cost of the subsided medicines
1.2.2.1.2. The government pays the remainding cost
1.2.2.2. Safety Net
1.2.2.2.1. People who spend a large amount of money for medicine
1.2.2.2.2. Receive medicine at a cheaper price or free of charge for the rest of that year.
1.3. Private health insurance
1.3.1. Aim
1.3.1.1. Pay a premium
1.3.1.2. Other healthcare not covered by Medicare
1.3.2. Cover
1.3.2.1. Public hospital
1.3.2.2. Private hospital
1.3.3. Incentives
1.3.3.1. Medicare levy surcharge
1.3.3.1.1. Higher income earners
1.3.3.1.2. 1-1.5% of income
1.3.3.2. Lifetime health cover
1.3.3.2.1. Over the age of 30
1.3.3.2.2. An additional loading of 2% for each year
1.3.3.3. Private health rebate
1.3.3.3.1. A rebate/refund for low income earners
1.3.3.3.2. The higher the income, the lower the rebate
1.3.4. Advantage and disadvantage
1.3.4.1. Advantages
1.3.4.1.1. Shorter waiting lists
1.3.4.1.2. Choice of a doctor
1.3.4.1.3. Have more services, extras and options
1.3.4.2. Disadvantages
1.3.4.2.1. Be expensive
1.3.4.2.2. Low income earners cannot afford
1.3.4.2.3. Do not promote equity of access to services
2. Right and responsibility
2.1. Access, Participation, Communication
2.1.1. Geographic location
2.1.1.1. People in rural and remote areas
2.1.1.2. Limited number of doctors
2.1.1.3. Reduced access to current technologies
2.1.1.4. Travel long distance for treatment
2.1.2. Health literacy
2.1.2.1. No basis health information
2.1.2.2. Preventative healthcare
2.1.3. Cultural factors
2.1.3.1. Religious belief
2.1.3.1.1. limit medical assistance
2.1.3.2. language barriers
2.1.3.2.1. no understanding, not in contact
2.1.4. Gender
2.1.4.1. Males
2.1.4.1.1. Be reserved to seek assistance
2.1.4.1.2. the high rate of smoking, traffic accidents
2.1.4.2. Females
2.1.4.2.1. Regular health check
2.1.4.2.2. Mental health disorders
2.1.5. Socioeconomic
2.1.5.1. Occupation
2.1.5.1.1. Bad job, bad health
2.1.5.1.2. Unemployed - no money for healthcare
2.1.5.1.3. No time for health check
2.1.5.2. Income
2.1.5.2.1. Longer waiting lists without PHI
2.1.5.2.2. No choice of doctor
2.1.5.2.3. low salary to have PHI
2.1.5.3. Education
2.1.5.3.1. No desired job, no desired salary
2.1.5.3.2. No knowledges to ask
2.1.5.3.3. Poor nutrition, self-care regimes
2.2. Respect
2.2.1. Treat medical staff kindly
2.2.2. Make own decisions
2.2.3. Gender, job , tradition, position are all the same
2.3. Safety, Privacy
2.3.1. Protect personal information
2.3.2. High quality health services
2.3.3. Professional healthcare
2.4. Comment
2.4.1. Ask question about costs
2.4.2. Report any concerns.
3. Services to support health and wellbeing
3.1. Community
3.1.1. Physical health and wellbeing
3.1.1.1. Doctors, dentists, hospital
3.1.1.1.1. Medical assistance
3.1.1.1.2. Maintain a well-functioning immune system
3.1.1.2. Healthspace
3.1.1.2.1. Fitness apps, physical activities
3.1.1.2.2. Maintain a healthy body weight
3.1.1.3. Sporting and other recreational clubs and associations
3.1.1.3.1. Play sports
3.1.1.3.2. Physical group activities
3.1.1.4. Maternal and child health service
3.1.1.4.1. Nurse, phone line, mother's group
3.1.1.4.2. Knowledge, health literacy
3.1.2. Mental health and wellbeing
3.1.2.1. Maternal and child health service
3.1.2.1.1. Parenting class
3.1.2.1.2. Reduce the levels of stress
3.1.2.1.3. Mentally prepare
3.1.2.2. Healthspace
3.1.2.2.1. Websites and phone line
3.1.2.2.2. Free, affordable, convenient
3.1.2.3. Doctors, dentists, hospital
3.1.2.3.1. Communicate openly with psychologists
3.1.2.3.2. Treatment
3.1.3. Emotional health and wellbeing
3.1.3.1. Sporting and other recreational clubs and associations
3.1.3.1.1. losing or winning games
3.1.3.1.2. Build resilience
3.1.3.2. Headscape
3.1.3.2.1. Share stories
3.1.3.2.2. Empathy,/respect/support
3.1.4. Social health and wellbeing
3.1.4.1. Sporting and other recreational clubs and associations
3.1.4.1.1. Build relationships
3.1.4.1.2. Participate outdoor activities
3.1.4.2. Volunteer organisation
3.1.4.2.1. Learn new skills (teamwork, leadership)
3.1.4.2.2. Help the community
3.1.4.3. Places of worship
3.1.4.3.1. Meet a lot of people
3.1.4.3.2. Create a supportive social network
3.1.5. Spiritual health and wellbeing
3.1.5.1. Places of worship
3.1.5.1.1. Church, mosque, temple
3.1.5.1.2. Create a meaningful life
3.1.5.1.3. Share values, beliefs, opinions
3.1.5.2. Sporting and other recreational clubs and associations
3.1.5.2.1. Identity yourself
3.1.5.2.2. find self-worth
3.1.5.3. Volunteer organisation
3.1.5.3.1. Make new friends
3.1.5.3.2. Empathy and respect
3.2. Digital media
3.2.1. Aim
3.2.1.1. Audio (sound), video, photographic content
3.2.1.2. Convert into a digital media file.
3.2.2. Products
3.2.2.1. Technology
3.2.2.1.1. An alternative face to face consultations
3.2.2.1.2. Video conferencing, internet, telephone
3.2.2.2. Virtual reality
3.2.2.2.1. Emerging applications
3.2.2.2.2. Train surgeons
3.2.2.2.3. Improve doctor-patient relations for elderly people
3.2.2.3. Symptom checkers
3.2.2.3.1. Websites, mobile apps
3.2.2.3.2. Access 24 hours a day
3.2.2.3.3. Answer a number of basic questions
3.2.2.4. Mobile apps
3.2.2.4.1. Health information
3.2.2.4.2. Food, menstrual period, fitness, weight loss
3.2.2.5. General health and wellbeing websites
3.2.2.5.1. Websites globally (non-government and government organisations)
3.2.2.5.2. Healthdirect/ The better Health channel
3.2.2.6. Search engines
3.2.2.6.1. Medical facts (symptoms/treatments)
3.2.2.6.2. Useful facts (basic health conditions)
4. Other - national disability scheme
4.1. Aim
4.1.1. People under the age of 65 with disability
4.1.2. Support health, housing, education, social activities
4.2. Benefit
4.2.1. Take place in society
4.2.2. Reach goals and aspirations
4.2.3. Be more independent