Laughter Out Of Place: Chapters 6 & 7

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Laughter Out Of Place: Chapters 6 & 7 von Mind Map: Laughter Out Of Place: Chapters 6 & 7

1. Sexuality In The Context Of Local Culture (6)

1.1. In Carioca (and many other places in Brazil), sexuality is a key metaphor that is used in everyday language

1.2. Sexual teasing and joking is seen as normal and is considered a friendly aspect

2. The Carnivalization Of Desire (6)

2.1. Sexual positiveness capture important aspects of their culture

2.1.1. Brazil's image as an eroticized, tropical paradise is quite accurate

2.1.2. Foreigners claim that they find themselves, or rediscover their sexuality while visiting Brazil

2.2. The people of Brazil, women especially, take public flirtation very seriously

2.2.1. They see it as a beloved game, not as objectification of their bodies

2.2.2. Women say that they enjoy the attention that they receive from men (they love to know that they are desired)

2.2.3. To be ignored is considered a true punishment

3. Ethnography: Local Sexual Culture In Felicidade Eterna (6)

3.1. Metaphors about food consumption are used in reference to human sexuality

3.1.1. Comer: to eat- this means to consume another person (active)

3.1.2. Dar: to give- this means that the person who gives is the sexually passive person

3.1.3. Galinhas: women who have had too many sexual partners

3.2. How metaphors relate to economic expectations:

3.2.1. Women expect men to be the providers (being a "eater" is a sign of a good quality in a partner)

3.2.2. These terms are used to "express their dissatisfaction with the status quo" (237).

4. From Boys To Men: Normative Masculinization And Heterosexuality (6)

4.1. In Brazil, boys are encouraged to become active seducers of women

4.2. "Among working-class Cariocas, it is considered unhealthy for men to go too long without sex: it can provoke insanity" (237)

4.2.1. Tiago, Gloria's son, was seen as shy/sexually inexperienced. Because of this, he would most often be teased and called a "bicha" (in English, a bitch)

5. An Evening Of Terror In Duque De Caxias (7)

5.1. On one night in Duque de Caxias, Gloria and her family were assaulted in their home, after someone did not properly lock up the house

5.2. Two assailants broke into their home, raped both Claudia and Anita, and robbed Gloria's boyfriend, Ignacio before fleeing the scene

5.3. Even though it traumatized them, they managed to get through the tough time with humor

5.3.1. They believed that Anita's "false cries" were funny

5.3.2. Gloria later on broke up with Ignacio, but when she retells the story, she would mock his mannerisms and how he looked

6. Battling Mothers and Daughters (7)

6.1. After the night of terror, Gloria and Anita would argue and disagree about what happened that night

6.1.1. What Anita believed: she was more afraid of her own mother than she was of the two assailants who assaulted her and her sister. She also believed that Gloria was choosing Ignacio over her children, even after they pleaded with her to leave him. Overall, she made her mother appear heartless.

6.1.2. What Gloria believed: She believes that her children, as well as Ignacio, took advantage of her hardworking nature. She went from hospital to hospital with Anita, and spent all of her Christmas money to help her daughter abort her baby.

7. A Note On The Legal Universe And Rape (7)

7.1. There is one main reason why many women look to humor instead of deciding to do something about crimes committed against them: fear and distrust of the police.

7.1.1. "Lower-class women making accusations of rape in court were forced to adopt a more elite view of sexuality in order to approximate judiciary views that were dominant in elite culture at the time" (270)

7.1.2. Younger women who were not virgins were seen as less honest than older women, and did not usually win rape cases.

7.1.3. Because of this, women most often look for protection from men who could potentially be abusive, try to take matters into their own hands, or would just laugh about the situation that they are in,

8. Black Humor As The Only Response/Conclusions (7)

8.1. Goldstein has concluded that there is a reason behind every laugh and that if someone on the outside were to play themselves in their shoes, they would understand.

8.2. "Such context allows us to 'get the joke,' even as the humor both masks and reveals (often in very complicated ways) the very structures and hierarchies on which the humor depends" (273).

8.3. It all relates back to the relations of class, sexuality, gender and race. Those of lower classes often have to look to black humor in order to get through life and the situations that they encounter on a daily basis.

9. A Note On The Legal Universe And Rape (7)