1. Translation
1.1. Subject studied
1.1.1. For - language education, linguistics,economics students, law students, etc
1.1.1.1. Have - own characteristics
1.2. More complex
1.2.1. Because - Implies disciplines sense rather than language sense
1.3. Translator
1.3.1. successful translation
2. 3. Subject competence
2.1. area of expertise
2.1.1. Each discipline
2.1.1.1. remain the function of the text
2.2. audience, genre and function
2.3. example
2.3.1. untranslatable words
2.3.1.1. ‘string’
2.3.1.1.1. computer domain
2.3.1.1.2. another domain
3. 1. Language competence
3.1. good understanding
3.1.1. language aspects
3.1.1.1. verbal and non-verbal language
3.1.1.1.1. source language and target language
3.1.1.1.2. ranks
3.2. Newmark
3.2.1. theory of language
3.2.1.1. mastering
3.3. functions of language
3.3.1. Buhler (in Newmark, 1988)
3.3.1.1. expressive
3.3.1.1.1. the mind of the speaker
3.3.1.1.2. to maintain writer or the text producer
3.3.1.2. informative
3.3.1.2.1. informative text
3.3.1.2.2. to maintain information in the text
3.3.1.3. vocative
3.3.1.3.1. the readership
3.3.1.3.2. to consider the readership understanding
3.4. metalinguistic, psychological aspect of language
4. 2. Textual competence
4.1. text
4.1.1. text type
4.1.2. text genre
4.1.2.1. functions in certain culture
4.1.3. convention
4.1.3.1. social convention of the language users
4.1.3.1.1. similar expression may be written in different way in foreing language
4.2. teaching translation
4.2.1. The translator or students learning translation
4.2.1.1. recognize
5. 4. Cultural competence
5.1. Language
5.1.1. culture elements
5.1.1.1. social conventions
5.2. Equivalence
5.2.1. (fulfill the sense)
5.2.1.1. source language and target language
5.3. focus
5.3.1. text
5.3.2. reader
5.4. text-based translation
5.5. shifts
5.5.1. small linguistic changes occurring in translation of source text to target text (Munday, 2001:55)
6. 5. Transfer competence
6.1. Pym (1992)
6.1.1. 1. transferring
6.1.1.1. Translator's knowledge
6.1.2. 2. translating
6.1.2.1. message transformation from source to target text
6.1.3. 3. translated text
6.1.3.1. Translation process product
6.2. Translator
6.2.1. linguistic and non-linguistic knowledge
6.2.2. borrowed words
6.3. transference
6.3.1. Newmark
6.3.1.1. process of transferring a source language word to a target language text as a translation procedure