1. Diagnostic
1.1. Definition & Purpose
1.1.1. Analyzes a student's performance in a field of study with the intention of using that information to assess and improve student learning.
1.1.2. Provide educators with information about each student’s prior knowledge before beginning instruction.
1.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
1.2.1. Diagnostic assessments helps students identify learning needs, strengths and interests
1.2.2. Diagnostic assessments are not comprehensive evaluations for grading.
1.3. Design of learning & Example
1.3.1. Using simple multiple choice tests to test pre-knowledge of students before entering into a new unit
1.3.2. Example: For elementary art, ask students oral questions and to find out how's their pre-knowledge about the unit.
2. Summative
2.1. Definition & Purpose
2.1.1. Summative assessments are used to evaluate student learning, skill acquisition, and academic achievement at the conclusion of a defined instructional period.
2.1.2. To see if students learned what they should have learned and evaluate the effectiveness of teaching programs and lessons.
2.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
2.2.1. Teachers can modify lessons based on student understanding observed in summative assessments.
2.2.2. When summative assessments are used to make high stakes decisions, they take away the focus from other necessary learning opportunities.
2.3. Design of learning &Example
2.3.1. Summative assessments tests the students and scores their works.
2.3.2. Example: Have students to finish the worksheet to know if they learned the knowledge of the unit. Students create artwork for the lessons to show their understanding and creativity.
3. High-Stakes
3.1. Definition & Purpose
3.1.1. A high-stakes assessment is any test used to make important decisions about students, educators, and/or schools.
3.1.2. The purpose of high-stakes testing is to hold teachers/schools/states accountable for student learning.
3.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
3.2.1. Information regarding student's test scores can give important information on how to guide further instruction and what areas need improvement.
3.2.2. Force teachers to teach to a test which doesn't promote the best student learning.
3.3. Design of learning &Example
3.3.1. Evaluates the student's knowledge of a topic and occurs after the learning process
3.3.2. Example: Use high-stakes assessments to test students if they learned academic knowledge.
4. Formative
4.1. Definition & Purpose
4.1.1. Formative assessments are typically done in-class and can be quick in nature. They help teacher receive feedback about student understanding, and the results help guide the teacher into future lesson plans and activities so they can continue to guide student learning.
4.1.2. The purpose of the formative assessments is for teachers to identify concepts students are struggling to understand, skills they are having difficulty acquiring, or learning standards they have not achieved.
4.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
4.2.1. Provides feedback on student understanding so the teacher can adapt/modify lessons before moving forward too quickly.
4.2.2. Group assessments may lead to some students not doing an equal share of the work.
4.3. Design of learning &Example
4.3.1. Formative assessments can help students gain deeper understanding of the targeted learning goals.
4.3.2. Example: Lists, charts and graphic organizers during the art class can help students to have more understanding of the learning goals.
5. Performance-Based
5.1. Definition & Purpose
5.1.1. Performance assessment uses tasks that require students to demonstrate their knowledge, skills, and strategies by creating a response or a product (rudner & Boston, 1994; Wiggins, 1989)
5.1.2. For students to demonstrate the knowledge and skills that they have learned.
5.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
5.2.1. Very applicable to the 'real world' and students' lives. Incorporates complex thinking, problem solving, and other 21 century skills.
5.2.2. Performance assessments may displace more traditional; yet effective forms of assessment.
5.3. Design of learning &Example
5.3.1. Students can learn at the same time while completing the assessment and demonstrate their findings through presentations and sharing due to the real-world.
5.3.2. Example: Connecting a lesson or an unit to the real-world and have students to share their own experience.
6. Portfolio
6.1. Definition & Purpose
6.1.1. A portfolio assessment is a way of assessing students through a final product created from several student-made artifacts (Fernsten 2009).
6.1.2. To evaluate coursework quality and academic achievement and to see if students have met learning standards or academic requirements for courses.
6.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
6.2.1. Portfolios measure student learning over time, instead of just at a given point in time. Help keep parents informed to students learning progress.
6.2.2. Portfolio is a very time-consuming assessment method in terms of planning, responding, correcting and providing feedback.
6.3. Design of learning &Example
6.3.1. Students learn over time and a portfolio helps capture that learning, providing students with a good opportunity to reflect upon what was learned.
6.3.2. Example: Elementary art are usually projects-based learning, students will be submit many different forms of artwork to show what they have learned.
7. Authentic
7.1. Definition & Purpose
7.1.1. " A form of assessment where students are asked to perform real-world tasks that demonstrate meaningful application of essential knowledge and skills" (Jon Mueller)
7.1.2. Students can have deeper understanding of the knowledge by testing a real-world application.
7.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
7.2.1. This type of assessment does not work as well when the instructor is attempting to assess a broad range of skills.
7.2.2. Students are more motivated and interested on what their learning. Better prepares students for success outside of school and in real life.
7.3. Design of learning &Example
7.3.1. These assessments allow students other opportunities to show what they know.
7.3.2. Example: Have students to find the project materials in their daily life and think about how to validate those materials to become a work of art.
8. Self-Assessment
8.1. Definition & Purpose
8.1.1. Self Assessment is an assessment which allows students to assess their own performance.
8.1.2. The purpose of self assessments is for students to become familiar with their strengths and weaknesses.
8.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
8.2.1. Encourages students to critically reflect their own learning progress and performance.
8.2.2. Students may not be familiar with the assessment criteria
8.3. Design of learning &Example
8.3.1. Self assessments are opportunities for learning because students will develop their skills of self reflection.
8.3.2. Example: Students create their own artwork base on creativity and imagination relate to the topic.
9. Peer Assessment
9.1. Definition & Purpose
9.1.1. Peer assessment engages students in analyzing one another’s work according to stated learning and performance criteria.
9.1.2. Develops critical thinking skills and evaluation skills.
9.2. Advantages & Disadvantages
9.2.1. Helps students develop their judgmental skills when they assess the work of other group members.
9.2.2. Students may have a tendency to give everyone the same mark.
9.3. Design of learning &Example
9.3.1. It gives students the opportunity to encounter diversity in different ways, critique and judge and ultimately, students learn how to be responsible for their own learning.
9.3.2. Example: Have groups of students to design and finish a group art project.