1. Problem & Solution
1.1. What is the Problem & Solution
1.1.1. The author gives information about a problem and explains one or more solutions
1.2. Clue words
1.2.1. because
1.2.2. since
1.2.3. this led to
1.3. Example
1.3.1. When a river receives a lot of extra water it may flood. During a flood there is plenty of water, and most people wouldn’t think that dehydration was a serious risk, but flood waters are mostly polluted and not safe to drink. People who drink the contaminated water may suffer from illnesses or diseases such as typhoid. You can prepare for flooding by filling many containers with fresh clean drinking water. You can also use sandbags to protect your house and to soak up the water. Be prepared and be safe.
1.3.1.1. Problem
1.3.1.1.1. flood
1.3.1.2. Solution
1.3.1.2.1. Solution filling containers with fresh clean drinking water
1.3.1.2.2. Use sandbags to protect your house and to soak the water
2. Compare & Contrast
2.1. What is the compare & contrast
2.1.1. Shows how two or more things are alike and/or how they are different
2.2. Clue words
2.2.1. like/ unlike
2.2.2. similarly
2.2.3. on the other hand
2.3. Example
2.3.1. Linux and Windows are both operating systems. Computers use them to run programs. Linux is totally free and open source, so users can improve or otherwise modify the source code. Windows is proprietary, so it costs money to use and users are prohibited from altering the source code.
3. Sequence
3.1. What is the sequence?
3.1.1. information is organized in steps or a process is explained in the order in which it occurs.
3.2. Clue words
3.2.1. before
3.2.2. to start
3.2.3. after
3.2.4. then
3.2.5. last
3.2.6. in the end
3.2.7. finally
3.3. Example
3.3.1. Eating cereal is easy. First, get out your materials. Next, pour your cereal in the bowl, add milk, and enjoy.
4. Choronogical
4.1. What is the choronogical
4.1.1. information in the passage is organized in order of time.
4.2. Clue words
4.2.1. first, next, last
4.2.2. before, after
4.2.3. dates, years
4.3. Example
4.3.1. Max and Review ran up the hill to fetch a pail of water. Jack fell down and broke his crown and Jill came tumbling after.
5. Cause and Effect
5.1. What is cause and effect?
5.1.1. The results of something are explained.
5.2. Clue words
5.2.1. cause
5.2.2. becuase
5.2.3. effect
5.2.4. as a result of
5.2.5. due to
5.2.6. reason
5.3. Example
5.3.1. Keegan was hungry because he skipped lunch.
5.3.1.1. Cause: Keegan skipped lunch.
5.3.1.2. Effect: He was hungry.