Pathways to zero emission shipping

1. 4 - green, zero emission fuels

1.1. long term - 2030+

1.2. The battle rages - which fuel will win - ammonia, hydrogen, methanol.... GHG assessment on a well to wake

1.3. foreseen limits of those fuels

1.3.1. Competition - unlike today, shipping will compete with other industries - transportation and others - to access green fuels ===> will be much more expensive that HFO

1.3.2. Energy density ===> none of those fuels will be as dense as HFO, questioning the cargo capacity and / or the range of vessels powered by those alternative fuels.

1.3.3. Green ===> large amount of renewable energy will be needed to produce those fuels

2. 5 - Startups - Zero emission shipping

2.1. short term, availability 2023-2024

2.2. alternate shipping - hybrid vessels, smaller, main propulsion = wind

2.2.1. complement - battery, hydrogen, efuels..

2.3. Neoline - Wind Support

2.4. SailCargo Inc - Wind Support

2.5. TOWT - Transport à la voile : accueil

3. 2 - existing fleet - improve energy efficiency

3.1. short term - retrofits

3.2. wind assist

3.2.1. Fair Winds! - Wind Support

3.2.2. Flettner Rotors - Wind Support

3.2.3. Airseas - Wind Support

3.2.4. Wind Propulsion Principles - Wind Support

3.3. other energy saving devices

3.3.1. air bubble

3.3.2. propeller

3.3.3. ----

4. 1 - improve operational efficiency

4.1. short term

4.2. slow steaming

4.3. no rush to wait - virtual ETA

4.4. more data, more digitalisation, more cooperation across the supply chain (data sharing)

4.5. Finnish start-up Seaber.io raises €1.5m - Smart Maritime Network

5. 3 - design & build hybrid, low emission vessels

5.1. primary propulsion = wind or "fuel"

5.2. modern, very different designs, include wind propulsion devices

5.3. Zephyr & Boree - Wind Support

5.4. Orcelle Wind - Wind Support