Speech or Language Impairment

1. Consists of issues of communication involving:

1.1. Hearing

1.2. Speech

1.3. Language

1.4. Fluency

2. Some symptoms:

2.1. Stuttering

2.2. Tension in the voice or sounds

2.3. Embarrassment with speech

2.4. Hoarseness in voice

3. Causes:

3.1. Primary causes:

3.1.1. Genetic abnormalities

3.1.2. Issues with vocal cords

3.1.3. Emotional stress

3.1.4. Any trauma to brain or infection

3.2. Secondary causes:

3.2.1. Deafness

3.2.2. Intellectual disability

3.2.3. Autism

3.2.4. Cerebral palsy

4. Names:

4.1. Ifeoma Ogwu

4.2. Oluwatimilehin Olowoporoku

5. Defination

5.1. a communication disorder, such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment, that adversely affects a child's educational performance.

6. Treatment

6.1. Speech therapy

6.2. Avoid stressful social situations

6.3. Early intervention

6.4. Individualized Family Services Plan

6.5. Individualized Education Plan

7. Tests to diagnose speech disorders

7.1. Hearing test

7.2. Leiter International Performance Scale-3

7.3. Goldman-Fristoe Test of Articulation 3 (GFTA-3)

7.4. Arizona Articulation and Phonology Scale 4th Revision (Arizona-4)

7.5. Prosody-Voice Screening Profile

7.6. Denver Articulation Screening Examination

8. Percentage:

8.1. 18.57%