Parts of Speech

1. Grammar

1.1. Grammar is a part of linguistics that studies the structure of words, the fundamental forms of the language, their composition, how they are intertwined, and the meanings that arise from these combinations.

2. Difference between prescriptive and descriptive grammar.

2.1. Prescriptive grammar: It is a philosophy or approach to grammar that is concerned with the establishment of grammatical rules that can be used to define spoken or written language as grammatically correct or incorrect. Example: “to kindly speak” would be incorrect. The correct form would be “to speak kindly”.

2.2. Descriptive grammar: Refers to the interest and attempt to describe the regular structures of the language as it is used, without judging if it is correct or not. The way a speaker would make a mistake grammatically would be if the structure he or she used does not sounds natural or any other native speaker of the language used would not use. For example, there is a rule that says that state verbs cannot be used in present continuous tense (want, hear, seem) but native speakers see it normal to say: I´ve been hearing in my head the scream as if it was yesterday.

3. Classification of contents: Articles and Nouns

3.1. Articles

3.1.1. The books

3.1.1.1. An orange

3.1.1.1.1. A girl

3.2. Nouns

3.2.1. Concrete Nouns: Flower

3.2.1.1. Abstract Nouns: Love