1. Managing common problems
1.1. N/I
1.1.1. dry crackers, increase carbs, suck on sour candy, delaying breakfast
1.2. Cravings
1.2.1. some are normal and in moderation can be consumed
1.2.2. If craving a non-food substance, its pica, indicates lack of nutrient in body
1.2.2.1. N/I: assess hemoglobin increase and difference in craving
1.3. Diminished gastric motility
1.3.1. N/I: discuss preventative measures, encourage regular BM schedule, increase fiber and roughage in diet (raw veggie, fruit, and bran), eat at least 16 oz of water daily
1.4. Heartburn/pyrosis
1.4.1. caused by decreased gastric motility and pressure on stomach from uterus
2. Maternal/fetal health
2.1. Nursing Dx: Imbalanced Nutrition, less than body requirements r/t nausea every morning
2.1.1. Imbalanced Nutrition r/t overeating or poor food choices
2.2. N/I: positive reenforcement, a basic rule of teaching, enhances learning, self esteem, and compliance more than criticism, to ensure adequate fetal nutrition, advise not to diet
2.3. Edu: average woman should gain 25/35 pounds during pregnancy, additional 300 calories per day
2.3.1. heavier the pt, less weight they must gain and more often their child is at increased risk for later being overweight, diabetic, CV disease and hypoglycemia at birth
2.3.1.1. The more underweight the pt, the more weight they have to gain, the more likely the child will be underweight, increased risk for preterm birth
2.4. Folic acid prevents umbilical cord defects and other serious developmental defects of fetus
3. Foods to avoid
3.1. Raw eggs, undercooked chicken
3.1.1. danger of salmonella
3.2. Raw milk or cheese
3.2.1. bacteria
3.3. Raw seafood/sushi
3.3.1. Hep A
3.4. Cold cuts
3.4.1. bacteria, if necessary, heat until steaming
3.5. Alcohol
3.5.1. neurological impacts to fetus
3.6. Artificial sweetners
3.7. Fish with high mercury content
3.8. Weight loss diets/supplements
3.9. Caffeine
3.9.1. miscarriage