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BUILDING SCIENCE por Mind Map: BUILDING SCIENCE

1. CAREER MANAGEMENT

1.1. Self-discovery/ Career

1.1.1. Skills + Passions = Career

1.1.1.1. Career Cluster Exploration

1.1.1.1.1. Labor Market Data

1.1.1.1.2. Networking

1.1.1.1.3. 5-step Problem-solving Model

1.1.1.1.4. Internships, part-time jobs & volunteering

1.1.1.1.5. Résumé

1.1.1.1.6. Cover Letter

1.1.1.1.7. Interviewing

1.1.1.1.8. Portfolio

1.1.1.2. Top 10 Professional Skills wanted by Employers

1.1.1.2.1. Oral and written communication

1.1.1.2.2. Organization of physical and digital workspace

1.1.1.2.3. Customer service

1.1.1.2.4. Basic computer skills (spreadsheets, typing, finding resources)

1.1.1.2.5. Working independently with minimal supervision

1.1.1.2.6. Problem solving

1.1.1.2.7. Planning and time management

1.1.1.2.8. Research

1.1.1.2.9. Collaborating with teammates

1.1.1.2.10. Adaptability

1.1.2. Personal goals/ road map to success

1.1.2.1. SMART Goals

1.1.2.2. Short-, mid- & long-term goals

1.2. College/ Trade School

1.2.1. Application Process

1.2.1.1. Choosing schools

1.2.1.2. Personal statement

1.2.1.3. Portfolio

1.2.1.4. Testing

1.2.2. Financial Aid

1.2.2.1. Loans

1.2.2.2. Scholarships

1.2.2.3. Grants

1.2.3. College Life

1.2.3.1. Choosing a major

1.2.3.2. Academics

1.2.3.3. Extracurricular activities

1.2.3.4. Living arrangements

1.2.3.5. Employment

2. CONSTRUCTION SAFETY

2.1. OSHA Regulations

2.1.1. Construction Hazards

2.1.1.1. Electrical shock

2.1.1.2. Fire

2.1.1.3. "Struck-by", "caught-in" & "caught-between"

2.1.1.4. Concrete & masonry hazards

2.1.1.5. Steel erection hazards

2.1.1.6. Heavy equipment & cranes

2.1.2. PPE

2.1.2.1. Noise

2.1.2.2. Airborne contaminants

2.1.2.3. Other hazards

2.1.3. Ladders & Scaffolds

2.1.3.1. Fall protection

2.1.3.2. Ladder selection, inspection & maintenance

2.1.3.3. Proper scaffold erection & training

2.1.4. Tools

2.1.4.1. Hand & power tool safety

2.1.4.2. Welding & cutting safety

3. INTEGRATION OF THE WHOLE BUILDING SYSTEM

3.1. Building Techniques

3.1.1. Building Geometry

3.1.1.1. Soil Science

3.1.1.2. Seismology

3.1.1.3. Design to resist loads, natural disasters, and man-made disasters

3.1.2. Structural Systems

3.1.2.1. Advanced Wood Framing

3.1.2.2. Structural Steel

3.1.2.3. Reinforced Concrete

3.2. Material Selection

3.2.1. Human & Environmental Health

3.2.1.1. Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ)

3.2.1.1.1. Human Thermal Comfort

3.2.1.1.2. IAQ

3.2.1.1.3. Lighting Comfort

3.2.1.1.4. Sound Quality

3.2.1.2. Toxicity

3.2.1.3. Chemical leaching

3.2.2. Functionality

3.2.2.1. Thermal mass

3.2.2.2. Moisture resistance

3.2.2.3. Durability

3.2.3. Cost

3.2.3.1. Value Engineering

3.2.4. Life Cycle Analysis

3.2.4.1. Embodied Energy

3.2.4.2. Cash flow

3.2.4.3. Impacts

3.2.4.4. Interpreting results to affect change

3.3. Integrated Design/ Construction

3.3.1. Integrated building/ site

3.3.1.1. Response to context

3.3.1.2. Response to topography

3.3.1.3. Response to pedestrian/vehicular circulation

3.3.1.4. Response to utilities/infrastructure

3.3.1.5. Response to climate

3.3.1.6. Passive solar

3.3.1.7. Net-zero

3.3.2. Integrated structure/ framing

3.3.2.1. Layout

3.3.2.2. Floor

3.3.2.3. Roof

3.3.3. Integrated light/ day-lighting/ envelope

3.3.3.1. Passive/ active ventilation

3.3.4. Integrated MEP

3.3.4.1. HVAC

3.3.4.2. Electrical

3.3.4.3. Plumbing

3.3.4.4. Building Enclosure

3.3.5. Building Energy Modeling

3.3.5.1. Software

3.3.5.2. Uses & Goals

3.3.6. Building Automation Systems

3.3.6.1. HVAC

3.3.6.2. Lighting

3.3.6.3. Fire suppression

3.4. Quality Management

3.4.1. Team roles

3.4.1.1. Owner/ Developer

3.4.1.1.1. Owner's Representative

3.4.1.2. Architect

3.4.1.2.1. Design Consultants

3.4.1.3. Construction Manager

3.4.1.3.1. Subcontractors

3.4.1.3.2. Site Safety Manager

3.4.2. Coordination Meetings

3.4.2.1. Constructability review of the Building Envelope

3.4.2.2. Identify discontinuities in the Building Envelope

3.4.2.3. Coordination of the construction process

4. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE

4.1. Fundamental Environmental Issues

4.1.1. Triple Bottom Line

4.1.1.1. People

4.1.1.2. Planet

4.1.1.3. Profit

4.1.2. Natural Resource Extraction

4.1.2.1. Pollution

4.1.2.1.1. Climate Change

4.1.3. Ecosystem Degradation

4.1.3.1. Biodiversity

4.1.4. Historical Catalysts of the Environmental Movement

4.1.4.1. "Silent Spring" by Rachel Carson

4.1.4.2. Santa Barbara oil well blowout

4.1.4.3. Cuyahoga River Fire

4.1.4.4. Arab Oil Embargo

4.1.4.5. Love Canal

4.1.4.6. Three Mile Island

4.1.5. Public Policy

4.1.5.1. Government Agencies

4.1.5.1.1. Environmental Protection Agency

4.1.5.1.2. National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration

4.1.5.1.3. Department of Energy

4.1.5.1.4. Department of Interior

4.1.5.1.5. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

4.1.5.2. NGOs

4.1.5.2.1. The Nature Conservancy

4.1.5.2.2. The Sierra Club

4.1.5.2.3. Natural Resources Defense Council

4.1.5.3. Regulations

4.1.5.3.1. Clear Air Act

4.1.5.3.2. Endangered Species Act

4.1.5.3.3. Clean Water Act

4.1.5.3.4. Safe Drinking Water Act

4.1.5.3.5. Montreal Protocol

4.1.5.3.6. Paris Accords

4.2. Water

4.2.1. Potable Water Shortage

4.2.1.1. Water Conservation

4.2.2. Wastewater Management

4.2.2.1. Wastewater

4.2.2.2. Stormwater

4.3. Energy

4.3.1. Fossil Fuels

4.3.1.1. Energy Conservation

4.3.1.1.1. Renewables

4.3.2. Generation

4.3.2.1. Methods

4.3.2.1.1. Clean energy

4.3.3. Resiliency of Utilities

4.3.3.1. Best Practices

4.4. Urban Planning, Transportation & Infrastructure

4.4.1. Land Use Planning

4.4.1.1. Zoning Regulations

4.4.1.2. Real estate "Red-lining"

4.4.1.3. Suburban Sprawl

4.4.1.4. White Flight

4.4.1.5. Environmental Injustice

4.4.2. Transportation Modes & Systems

4.4.2.1. Fuels

4.4.2.1.1. Emissions

4.4.3. Resiliency of Cities, Buildings, and Transportation Infrastructure

4.4.3.1. Best Practices

4.5. Waste Management

4.5.1. Consumerism

4.5.1.1. Marketing

4.5.1.2. Effects on the environment

4.5.2. The Waste Stream

4.5.2.1. Landfill

4.5.2.2. Recycle

4.5.2.3. Compost

4.5.2.4. Reuse

4.5.3. Life Cycle Analysis

4.5.3.1. Cradle-to-Cradle

4.6. Health, Food & Agriculture

4.6.1. Health

4.6.1.1. Bioaccumulation

4.6.1.1.1. Disease

4.6.2. Agricultural Practices

4.6.2.1. Industrial Farming

4.6.2.1.1. CAFOs

4.6.2.1.2. GMOs

4.6.2.2. Organic Farming

4.6.2.3. Permaculture

4.6.2.4. Urban Agriculture

4.6.3. Food Systems

4.6.3.1. Food Deserts

4.6.3.2. Prosessed Foods

4.6.4. Resiliency of Food Systems

4.6.4.1. Best Practices

5. FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT

5.1. Personal Budget

5.1.1. Long-term Financial Goals

5.1.1.1. Saving & Spending

5.1.1.1.1. Emergency Fund

5.1.1.1.2. Retirement

5.1.1.1.3. Investing

5.1.1.1.4. 529 Plans

5.1.2. Debt

5.1.2.1. Credit cards

5.1.2.2. Loans

5.1.2.3. Debt Management

5.1.2.4. Identity Theft

5.1.2.5. Credit Reports

5.1.2.6. Consumer Protection Laws

5.1.3. Renting/ Owning

5.1.3.1. Pros/ cons of each

5.1.4. Taxes

5.1.4.1. Jurisdictions

5.1.4.1.1. Federal

5.1.4.1.2. State

5.1.4.1.3. Local

5.1.4.2. Types

5.1.4.2.1. Income

5.1.4.2.2. Employment

5.1.4.2.3. Sales

5.1.5. Insurance

5.1.5.1. Types

5.1.5.1.1. Health

5.1.5.1.2. Life

5.1.5.1.3. Home/ Renters'

5.1.5.1.4. Auto

5.1.5.1.5. Business

5.1.5.2. Coverage

5.1.5.2.1. Premiums

5.1.5.3. Liability

5.1.5.3.1. Deductible

5.1.5.4. Claims

6. TESTING & CERTIFICATION

6.1. Auditing, Commissioning & Retrofitting

6.1.1. Energy Audits

6.1.1.1. Diagnostics and forensics

6.1.1.1.1. Hygrothermal Analysis

6.1.1.1.2. Blower Door Test

6.1.1.2. Weatherization & Retrofits

6.1.2. Commissioning

6.1.2.1. Purpose

6.1.2.2. Systems testing

6.1.2.3. Preventive and predictive maintenance plans

6.1.2.4. Tailored operating manuals

6.1.2.5. Tailored training procedures

6.1.3. Retro-commissioning

6.1.3.1. Retrofits

6.1.4. Monitoring-Based Commissioning

6.1.4.1. Methods

7. THE BUILDING ENCLOSURE

7.1. Laws of Thermodynamics

7.1.1. Heat Transfer

7.1.1.1. Conduction

7.1.1.2. Convection

7.1.1.3. Radiation

7.1.2. Heat Gain/ Loss

7.1.2.1. Trouble spots

7.2. Moisture Transport

7.2.1. Temperature, humidity & condensation

7.2.1.1. The Water Cycle

7.2.1.2. Effects on moisture

7.2.2. Types

7.2.2.1. Bulk Moisture

7.2.2.2. Capillary Action

7.2.2.3. Air-Transported Moisture

7.2.2.4. Vapor Diffusion

7.2.3. Controlling moisture

7.2.3.1. Identifying trouble spots

7.2.3.2. Proper detailing

7.2.3.3. Retrofitting

7.3. Hierarchy of Control Layers

7.3.1. Rain Control

7.3.1.1. Materials & Methods

7.3.2. Air Control

7.3.2.1. Materials & Methods

7.3.3. Vapor Control

7.3.3.1. Materials & Methods

7.3.3.1.1. Vapor barrier issues

7.3.4. Thermal Control

7.3.4.1. Materials & Methods

7.3.4.1.1. R-value

7.3.4.1.2. Insulation types

7.3.5. Solar gain control

7.3.5.1. Materials & Methods

7.4. High-performance windows

7.4.1. Characteristics

7.4.1.1. R-value

7.4.1.2. Thermal breaks

7.4.1.3. # of panes

7.4.1.4. Low-e

7.4.1.5. Cost

7.5. HVAC Systems

7.5.1. The Refrigeration Cycle

7.5.1.1. Refrigerant

7.5.1.1.1. CFCs

7.5.1.2. Evaporator

7.5.1.3. Compressor

7.5.1.4. Condenser

7.5.1.5. Expansion Valve

7.5.2. Systems

7.5.2.1. Heating/ Cooling

7.5.2.1.1. All-air Systems

7.5.2.1.2. Air-water Systems

7.5.2.1.3. Hydronic systems

7.5.2.1.4. Steam systems

7.5.2.2. Ventilation

7.5.2.2.1. Mechanical

7.5.2.3. Distribution

7.5.2.3.1. Terminal units

7.5.2.3.2. Ductwork

7.5.2.3.3. Piping

7.5.2.4. "Green" HVAC Systems

7.5.3. Controls & Testing

7.5.3.1. Control equipment wiring

7.5.3.2. Testing

7.5.3.3. Adjusting

7.5.3.4. Balancing

7.5.4. Air & Duct Sealing

7.5.4.1. Identifying trouble spots

7.5.4.2. Sealing methods

7.5.5. "Green" HVAC Systems/Equipment

7.5.5.1. Codes/ Standards

7.5.5.2. Certification/ Rating Programs

7.5.5.2.1. LEED

7.5.5.2.2. Others programs

7.5.6. Maintenance

7.5.6.1. Control settings

7.5.6.2. Electrical connections

7.5.6.3. Inspection of parts

7.5.6.4. Cleaning

7.5.6.5. Refrigerant

7.6. Plumbing Systems

7.6.1. DWV

7.6.1.1. Fixtures

7.6.1.2. Gravity-driven

7.6.1.3. Pressure

7.6.1.4. Proper venting

7.6.1.5. Traps

7.6.1.5.1. Sewer gases

7.6.1.6. Pipe & Fittings

7.6.2. "Green" Plumbing Systems/ Equipment

7.6.2.1. Codes/ Standards

7.6.2.2. Certification/ Rating Programs

7.6.2.2.1. LEED

7.6.2.2.2. Others programs

7.6.3. Maintenance

7.6.3.1. Leaks

7.6.3.2. Corrosion

7.6.3.3. Water Pressure

7.6.3.4. Valves

7.6.3.5. Water Heaters

7.6.3.6. Drains

7.6.3.7. Backflow testing

7.7. Electrical Systems

7.7.1. Electrical Distribution

7.7.1.1. Components

7.7.1.1.1. Grounding requirements

7.7.2. "Green" Electrical Systems/ Equipment

7.7.2.1. Codes/ Standards

7.7.2.2. Certification/ Rating Programs

7.7.2.2.1. LEED

7.7.2.2.2. Others programs

7.7.2.3. Loads

7.7.2.3.1. "Phantom" Voltage

7.7.3. Lighting

7.7.3.1. Incandescent/ Fluorescent/ LEDs

8. OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE

8.1. MEP Operations

8.1.1. Tenant habits/ behavior

8.1.1.1. Tenant control of HVAC and windows

8.1.1.2. Landlord education of tenants

8.1.1.3. Energy/ water conservation

8.1.2. User controls

8.1.2.1. Thermostats

8.1.2.2. Automated controls

8.1.3. Efficiency

8.1.3.1. Strategies

8.1.4. Maintenance

8.1.4.1. Routine equipment maintenance

8.1.4.2. Integrated pest management

8.1.4.3. "Green" cleaning

8.1.5. Troubleshooting & Repairs

8.1.5.1. Basic techniques

8.1.6. Appropriate MEP equipment replacements

8.1.6.1. Cost

8.1.6.1.1. Financial

8.1.6.1.2. Environmental