1. MISCELLANEOUS
1.1. Core Competency
1.1.1. department skills that outperform those of the competitors
1.2. Organizational Performance
1.2.1. How effectively and efficiently is the manager using the given resources to achieve organizational goals?
1.2.2. EFFICIENCY
1.2.2.1. How well the given resources are used
1.2.3. EFFECTIVENESS
1.3. Organizations
1.3.1. A collection of people who work together to achieve a goal
1.4. Global Organizations
1.4.1. Organizations that operate in more than one country
1.5. Turnaround Management
1.5.1. Ability to completely revamp a company to make it profitable again
2. RECENT CHANGES IN MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
2.1. Restructuring
2.1.1. Downsizing a company to make it more profitable
2.2. Outsourcing
2.3. Empowerment
2.3.1. Expansion of employee's knowledge, tasks and decision-making skills
2.4. Self-Managed Team
2.4.1. Group of employees who assume responsibility for their own actions
3. MANAGERIAL SKILLS
3.1. Conceptual
3.1.1. analyze a situation
3.1.2. distinguish between cause and effect
3.2. Human
3.2.1. be good leader
3.2.2. understand people's problems
3.2.3. alter people's opinions
3.3. Technical
3.3.1. job-specific skills
4. MANAGERIAL LEVELS
4.1. First-Line Managers
4.1.1. supervise non-managerial employees
4.2. Middle Managers
4.2.1. find best ways to use resources
4.2.2. supervise first line managers
4.3. Top Managers
4.3.1. cross-department responsibility
4.3.2. establish organizational goals
4.3.3. supervise middle managers
4.4. CEO
4.4.1. most important managers
5. MANAGERIAL TASKS
5.1. Planning
5.1.1. identify and set appropriate goals
5.1.2. develop strategies
5.1.2.1. low-cost strategy
5.1.2.2. differentiation strategy
5.2. Organizing
5.2.1. organizational structure
5.3. Leading
5.3.1. vision
5.4. Controlling
6. COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE
6.1. efficiency
6.2. quality
6.2.1. total quality management