1. Naturalist- The theory that language acquisition happens naturally by being exposed to comprehensible language input.
1.1. Stephen Krashen A linguist who is known for developing the theories of acquisition-learning, natural order, monitor, comprehensible input, and affective filter.
1.1.1. Acquisition-Input The hypothesis that language acquisition comes subconsciously (by 'picking it up') and consciously (active learning).
1.1.1.1. A student may learn semantics and pragmatics (two concepts highly colored by cultural influences) by using varying examples of both in the classroom, during lessons and during discussions.
1.1.2. Comprehensible Input The hypothesis that language acquisition is marked by comprehension and not strict adherence to rules.
1.1.2.1. Students may gain valuable insight into pragmatics by analyzing selections from songs and poetry. They could complete an assignment where they select phrases or words and analyze how the meaning might change if a different phrase, word, or tone is used.
2. Interactionist- The theory that the facilitator aids and guides language acquisition by moderating the learner's process.
2.1. Howard Gardner A psychologist best known for developing the theory of multiple intelligences.
2.1.1. Multiple Intelligences The idea that individuals have different preferred methods of acquiring information, such as visual versus verbal.
2.1.1.1. I can support student learning of phonology by providing multiple examples of phonemes. I could include music, going outdoors and replicating animal onomatopoeia, or have students watch videos of how to form the sounds with the mouth.
2.1.1.2. I can support student learning of morphology by providing different types of examples. I could include a visual representation using colors to show how changing a vowel changes a word, or introduce poems or songs to show the changes in meanings (both inflectional and derivational morphology).