Tone

1. the falling-rising tone

1.1. fall-rise undivided( it's mine)

1.2. fall-rise divided( here you are)

1.3. modality

1.4. lively, warm, hearted

1.5. correction, clarification

1.6. His sister is twenty i think.-Twenty-three

1.7. contrast

1.8. Is everyone present at the lecture?-John is a way.

1.9. objection, disagreement

1.10. She's arriving tomorrow.0She isn't

1.11. doubt, assumption

1.12. -when is he expected back?-It may be Saturday.

1.13. requests and warnings

1.14. -Let me put thr cups into the cupboard.--Careful. Don't take them all at once.

1.15. Wait for the others.

1.16. greetings, goodbyes, thanks, apologies

1.17. -Good morning. Thank you

1.18. excitement

1.19. In statements(grudgingly admitting)

1.20. It rained every day in the first week.

1.21. In questions((in echoes) astonished; otherwise pleading)

1.22. Would you like another coffee?

1.23. In imperatives(in warnings urgent with a note of reproach or concern)

1.24. Be ˇcareful. ‘Watch your ‚step

1.25. In exclamations(cordial, warm or, vice versa)

2. the rising-falling tone

2.1. The rising-falling tone can be used in most utterances for which a falling tone would be fundamentally suitable.

2.2. Modality

2.3. more expression and liveliness

2.4. gives the impression that what the speaker admits or denies is in conflict with his own or his interlocutor’s previous opinion.

2.5. favourably or unfavourably impressed, self-satisfied, challenging, disclaiming responsibility, mocking, ironical.

2.6. quizzical, challenging or disclaiming responsibility,

2.7. impressed, quizzical, mocking

2.8. impressed, sometimes with a hint of accusation or irony

2.9. Types of sentences

2.10. statements

2.11. special questions

2.12. general questions

2.13. exclamations