1. Types of translations: literal translation
1.1. Literal translation
1.1.1. A literal translation, direct translation, or word-for-word translation is the rendering of text from one language to another one word at a time with or without conveying the sense of the original whole.
1.2. Literal translation a bad practice
1.2.1. It is often considered a bad practice of conveying word by word translation in non-technical texts. This usually refers to the mistranslation of idioms that affects the meaning of the text, making it unintelligible.
1.3. Usage
1.3.1. A word for word translation can be used in some languages and not others dependent on the sentence structure: El equipo está trabajando para terminar el informe would translate into English as The team is working to finish the report.
1.4. Word-for-Word Translation problems
1.4.1. One problem with this approach is the limitations of a dictionary. Verbs are listed as infinitives—to be, to drink, to run—and often without conjugations.
2. TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES Oblique Translation & Sight Translation
2.1. TRANSPOSITION
2.1.1. Transposition is characterized because it works at a grammatical level and it consists of the replacement of a word class by another word class without changing the meaning. In other words, it is a change of one different type of part of speech to another in order to achieve the same effect.
2.2. MODULATION
2.2.1. Modulation comprises the use of a phrase that is different in the SL and TL to convey the same idea. This is commonly used when the translation of a phrase from one language to another is awkward.
2.3. EQUIVALENCE
2.3.1. When translating difficult phrases such as idioms, the translator needs to understand the meaning behind the idiom (or cliché, or proverb, or onomatopoeia).
2.4. ADAPTATION
2.4.1. In order to translate effectively, a translator must have a deep understanding of both languages in question.
2.5. Sight Translation
2.5.1. It is like a hybrid of these 2 skills that basically consists in reading a text in SL and then orally translating it into the TL.