1. World War 2
1.1. Transportation
1.1.1. Modern helicopters invented
1.1.1.1. Igor Sikorsky builds the first truly practical helicopter
1.1.2. First supersonic jet flight
1.2. Energy/Power
1.2.1. First Nuclear Power Plant
1.2.1.1. Enrico Fermi builds the first nuclear chain reactor at the University of Chicago
1.2.1.1.1. Helped us produce a lot of clean electricity
1.2.2. The use an atomic bomb
1.2.2.1. Lead to the bombings of Nagasaki and Hiroshima
1.2.2.1.1. Japan surrenders
1.3. Communication
1.3.1. Full-scale commercial television is first broadcast
1.3.1.1. Commercials help businesses better advertise their products
1.3.2. Hedy Lamarr and George Antheil invent frequency hopping spread spectrum communication technique
1.3.3. Douglas H. Ring and W. Rae Young of Bell Labs
1.3.3.1. Propose a cell-based approach
1.3.3.1.1. Lead to "cellular phones"
1.4. Bio-Related
1.4.1. Microbiologist Selman A. Waksman discovers
1.4.1.1. Discovers the antibiotic streptomycin
1.4.1.1.1. Later used in treatment
1.4.2. Vaccine
1.4.2.1. First vaccine for yellow fever
1.4.2.2. First vaccine for typhus
1.4.2.3. First vaccine for influenza
1.4.3. Dr. John H. Gibbon, Jr. , successfully uses a heart-lung machine for extracorporeal circulation of a cat
1.4.4. Bernard Fantus starts the first blood bank at Cook County Hospital
1.4.4.1. In Chicago
1.4.4.1.1. Using a 2% solution of sodium citrate
2. Roaring 20's
2.1. Transportation
2.1.1. Ford Motor Company
2.1.1.1. By 1924
2.1.1.1.1. About ten thousand dealerships operating
2.1.2. First liquid propelled rocket launched
2.1.2.1. Helps us learn more about rockets and improve our rocket technology
2.1.3. William Potts, a Detroit police officer, refines Garrett Morgan’s invention by adding the yellow light. Red and green traffic signals
2.1.3.1. Helps with reduction of car additional safety and control
2.1.3.1.1. Lots of Canadians now drive a car
2.2. Energy/Power
2.2.1. These appliances make our everyday lives easier and better for modern Canadians
2.2.2. Electric Appliances
2.2.2.1. Toasters
2.2.2.2. Air-Conditioners
2.2.2.2.1. Thomas Midgley, Jr. invents coolant chemicals for air conditioners
2.2.2.3. Vacuum Cleaners
2.2.2.4. Electric Irons
2.2.2.5. Refrigerators
2.2.2.5.1. Thomas Midgley, Jr. invents coolant chemicals for refrigerators
2.3. Communication
2.3.1. Television
2.3.1.1. John Logie Baird transmits the first television signal
2.3.1.1.1. This transmitting technology now is used worldwide
2.3.2. Radio
2.3.2.1. Radio station KDKA based in Pittsburgh
2.3.2.1.1. Began the first broadcast
2.4. Bio-Related
2.4.1. Insulin first used to treat diabetes
2.4.2. Vitamin D
2.4.2.1. Discovery by Edward Mellanby
2.4.2.1.1. Shows its absence causes rickets
2.4.3. Vaccine
2.4.3.1. Cured many Canadians with these illnesses
2.4.3.1.1. Improved Canadian Healthcare
2.4.3.2. First Vaccine for tuberculosis
2.4.3.3. First vaccine for tetanus
2.4.3.4. First vaccine for pertussis (whooping cough)
2.4.3.5. First Vaccine for diphtheria
3. 50s to 60s
3.1. Transportation
3.1.1. Soviet Union (Russia and her allies) launch the Sputnik space satellite
3.1.1.1. Helps the US compete with Soviet Russia to create the first manned mission to put a man on the moon
3.1.2. First manned mission (Apollo) to the Moon
3.1.2.1. Astronauts walk on the Moon and collected samples
3.1.3. Bullet train transportation invented
3.2. Energy/Power
3.2.1. Computers
3.2.1.1. Chester Carlson presents the first photocopier suitable for office use
3.2.1.1.1. Photocopies helps us create exact documents for many people to use and is still heavily used today
3.2.1.2. Douglas Engelbart develops the computer mouse
3.2.1.2.1. Computer mouse helps us navigate the computer much easier and faster
3.2.1.3. Jack Kilby and Robert Noyce, working independently, develop the integrated circuit
3.2.1.3.1. Circuits are now used for almost all electrical devices
3.2.1.4. James Russell invents compact discs
3.2.2. Power Plants
3.2.2.1. First commercial nuclear power is produced at Calder Hall, Cumbria, England
3.2.2.2. World's first solar power station opened in France
3.2.2.2.1. Solar power plant creates very clean electricity
3.3. Communication
3.3.1. First geosynchronous communications satellite is launched
3.3.2. First email sent
3.3.3. The first hosts of ARPANET, Internet's ancestor, are connected
3.3.3.1. Helps with the creation of the Internet we use today
3.4. Bio-Related
3.4.1. Surgery
3.4.1.1. Dr. Willem Kolff and Dr. Tetsuzo Akutzu implant the first artificial heart in a dog. The animal survives 90 minutes
3.4.1.2. South African heart surgeon Dr. Christiaan Barnard performs the first human heart transplant
3.4.1.2.1. Improves our skills in surgery and teaches us how to further implant organs to people who need it
3.4.1.3. Dr. Joseph E. Murray performs the first kidney transplant between identical twins
3.4.2. Paul Zoll develops the first cardiac pacemaker to control irregular heartbeat
3.4.3. James Watson and Francis Crick
3.4.3.1. Cambridge University
3.4.3.1.1. Describe the structure of the DNA molecule
3.4.4. Jonas Salk develops the first polio
3.4.5. Vaccine
3.4.5.1. First oral polio vaccine
3.4.5.1.1. As an alternative to the injected vaccines
3.4.5.2. First vaccine for measles
3.4.5.3. First vaccine for mumps
4. 1900 to World War 1
4.1. Transportation
4.1.1. Henry Ford improves the assembly line for automobile manufacturing
4.1.1.1. Other automobile companies improve their assembly line
4.1.1.1.1. Improves automobile cities economy
4.1.2. Planes
4.1.2.1. Very first helicopter
4.1.2.1.1. Unsuccessful design
4.1.2.2. London to Paris air service begins
4.1.2.2.1. Leads to worldwide plane service
4.1.3. First airplane with engine
4.1.3.1. Inventors, The Wright Brothers
4.1.3.1.1. Fly the plane with engine
4.2. Energy/Power
4.2.1. Radio amplifier
4.2.1.1. Invented by Lee DeForest
4.2.2. Color photography
4.2.2.1. Invented by Auguste and Louis Lumiere
4.2.2.1.1. Leads to Canadian films
4.2.3. James Smathers develops the first electric typewriter
4.2.3.1. Invention of the keyboard
4.3. Communication
4.3.1. Radio transmission
4.3.1.1. By Guglielmo Marconi
4.3.1.1.1. To Newfoundland
4.4. Bio-Related
4.4.1. Dr. Paul Dudley White becomes one of America's first cardiologistsand
4.4.1.1. Doctor specializing in the heart and its functions
4.4.1.1.1. Pioneer in use of the electrocardiograph
4.4.2. First successful human blood transfusion
4.4.2.1. Using Landsteiner's ABO blood type technique
4.4.2.1.1. Saved many Canadians with bad blood
4.4.3. Garrett A. Morgan invents the Morgan gas mask
4.4.3.1. To protect troops form gas attacks during war
4.4.3.1.1. Protected Canadian troops from gas attacks during war with Germans
5. 70s to 80s
5.1. Transportation
5.1.1. Space shuttle launched
5.1.2. First jumbo jet
5.1.3. The Lincoln becomes the first American car to offer an anti-lock braking system
5.1.3.1. Helps with the creation of new and improved car safety technology
5.2. Energy/Power
5.2.1. First grocery-store purchase of an item coded with a barcode
5.2.1.1. Bar codes help use purchase our groceries easier
5.2.2. The personal computer (PC) market is born
5.2.2.1. The PC market resulted in billions of people owning a PC
5.2.3. Microsoft Word software is launched
5.2.3.1. Microsoft Word helps use create documents easier with many features too than a typewriter
5.2.4. Robert Metcalfe figures out a simple way of linking computers together that he names Ethernet
5.2.4.1. Most computers hooked up to the Internet now use it
5.3. Communication
5.3.1. First list servers are introduced
5.3.2. Tim Berners-Lee and Robert Cailliau build the prototype system which became the World Wide Web at CERN
5.3.3. Martin Cooper develops the first handheld cellphone (mobile phone)
5.4. Bio-Related
5.4.1. HIV, the virus that causes AIDS, is identified
5.4.2. Dr. William DeVries implants the Jarvik-7 artificial heart into patient Barney Clark. Clark lives 112 days
5.4.3. First test-tube baby is born in the U.K
5.4.4. Vaccine
5.4.4.1. First vaccine for hepatitis B
5.4.4.2. First vaccine for rubella
5.4.4.3. First vaccine for chicken pox
5.4.4.4. First vaccine for pneumonia
5.4.4.5. First vaccine for meningitis
5.4.5. W.H.O. (World Health Organization) announces smallpox is eradicated
6. 90's to Present
6.1. Transportation
6.1.1. Cadillac is the first American carmaker to offer automatic stability control, increasing safety in emergency handling situations
6.2. Energy/Power
6.2.1. Supercomputers (the world's fastest computers) are now a mere 30 times less powerful than human brains
6.2.2. 3D TV starts to become more widely available
6.2.3. Apple
6.2.3.1. Apple releases its touchscreen tablet computer, the iPad
6.2.3.2. First iPhone released
6.3. Communication
6.3.1. First digital cinema transmission by satellite in Europe of a feature film by Bernard Pauchon and Philippe Binant
6.3.2. Neil Papworth sends the first SMS (or text message)
6.3.2.1. The first text message creates one of the most popular way of communication
6.3.3. Internet
6.3.3.1. The social websites helped us communicate with our friends and family from around the world
6.3.3.2. Facebook is launched
6.3.3.3. YouTube, the video sharing site, is launched
6.3.3.4. The Wikipedia online encyclopedia is launched
6.3.3.5. Internet radio broadcasting is born
6.3.3.6. Anders Olsson transmits solitary waves through an optical fiber with a data rate of 32 billion bits per second
6.4. Bio-Related
6.4.1. Scientists discover how to use human skin cells to create embryonic stem cells
6.4.2. DNA
6.4.2.1. DNA from an extinct woolly mammoth was spliced into a elephant. Scientists then successfully used the "revived" DNA to sequence the mammoth's complete genome
6.4.2.2. Dolly the sheep becomes the first mammal cloned from an adult cell (dies in 2003)
6.4.2.3. These advances will help us cure more people with problems and help us understand more about life
6.4.2.4. First draft of human genome is announced; the finalized version is released three years later
6.4.2.5. A "mini-liver" the size of a small coinis generated from human cord blood stem cells
6.4.3. Vaccine
6.4.3.1. First vaccine for lyme disease
6.4.3.2. First vaccine for hepatitis A