Absolute Monarchs

1. Louis XIV

1.1. 5 September 1638 – 1 September 1715

1.2. considered a successful absolute monarch

1.3. he said "I am the state"

1.4. claimed divine right

1.5. he created a centralized government

1.6. pacified the nobles

1.7. used warfare to gain wealth and glory

1.8. began his rule after Cardinal Mazarin died in 1661

2. Peter the Great

2.1. 2 November 1721 – 8 February 1725

2.2. was the ruling czar of russia

2.3. the czars were absolute monarchs until 1905

2.4. he strengthened the central government

2.5. brought many reforms to russia

2.6. used brute force to suppress rebellion

2.7. used warfare to expand his borders

2.8. in 1771 took the title emporer of all russia

2.9. his tittle was rejected by most of europe

3. Cardinal Richelieu

3.1. 9 September 1585 – 4 December 1642

3.2. appointed Foreign Secretary in 1616

3.3. become chief minister under king Louis XIII

3.4. succeeded by Cardinal Mazarin

3.5. dismantled domestic factions

3.6. limited the nobility by disbanding government organizations

3.7. created a central government

3.8. his goal was to emerge victorious from the thirty years war

4. Divine Right

4.1. God gives the monarch the right to rule

4.2. had legislative, executive, and judicial powers

4.3. sometimes conflicted with the church

5. Charles I

5.1. attempt to bring absolute monarchy to Scotland resulted in rebellion

5.2. His father was James VI

5.3. heir to the English, Scottish, and Irish thrones in 1612

5.4. conflict with parliment

5.5. tried and executed by parliament in 1649

5.6. believed in divine right

5.7. harsh policies lead to the english civil war

6. Cardinal Mazarin

6.1. 14 July 1602 – 9 March 1661

6.2. established principles of international law

6.3. continued to use Richelieu policies to strengthen the monarchy

6.4. co ruled France with Anne of Austria until Louis XIV was older

6.5. taxation policies lead to the Fronde riot

6.6. gained support by rewarding protestants after the thirty years war

7. Absolute Monarchy

7.1. not subject to any rule on earth

7.2. totalritarian form of government

7.3. supreme political power

7.4. supported by divine right

7.5. sometimes limited by the support of the nobility

7.6. unhappiness lead to many rebellions